Oncological Surgery — MCQs

Q: The most common tumor in the posterior mediastinum is:

Schwannoma. ***Schwannoma*** - **Schwannomas** are **neurogenic tumors** that arise from the **nerve sheaths** and are the most common type of tumor found in the **posterior mediastinum**. - They account for about **20% of all mediastinal tumors** and usually present as a solitary, well-defined mass. *Lymphoma* - Lymphomas are more commonly found in the **anterior** or **middle mediastinum**, often presenting as multiple enlarged lymph nodes. - While they can occur in the posterior mediastinum, they are **not the most common primary tumor type** in this location. *Teratoma* - **Teratomas** are **germ cell tumors** and are predominantly found in the **anterior mediastinum**. - They contain tissue from all three germ layers and can be benign or malignant, often presenting with calcifications or fat. *Bronchogenic cyst* - **Bronchogenic cysts** are **congenital cysts** derived from abnormal budding of the tracheobronchial tree, usually located in the **middle mediastinum** or intraparenchymally. - While they can occasionally be found in the posterior mediastinum, they are developmental anomalies rather than primary tumor types and are less common than neurogenic tumors.

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