NEET-PG 2018 - General Medicine PYQs Practice Questions

Q: In a child with suspected tetany, the following test is performed. Identify the sign?

Trousseau sign. ***Trousseau sign*** - The image depicts a blood pressure cuff inflated on the arm, leading to **carpopedal spasm** in the hand, which is characteristic of the **Trousseau sign**. - This sign is indicative of **latent tetany** and is often seen in conditions causing **hypocalcemia**. *Chvostek sign* - The Chvostek sign involves a **facial muscle twitch** elicited by tapping the facial nerve anterior to the ear. - This sign is also associated with hypocalcemia but differs clinically from the presentation in the image. *Allen sign* - The Allen test (not "sign") is performed to assess the **patency of the ulnar and radial arteries** before arterial puncture or cannulation. - It involves digitally compressing both arteries and observing the return of color to the hand after releasing one artery, which is unrelated to the image. *Turner sign* - The Turner sign refers to **flank ecchymosis** (bruising) and is a physical finding associated with **hemorrhagic pancreatitis**. - This sign indicates retroperitoneal bleeding, which is not represented by the image or related to tetany. [Practice more General Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: In the score shown below, alphabet P stands for?

Pallor severity. ***Pallor severity*** - In the context of the **APGAR score**, 'P' stands for **Pallor/Appearance**, which assesses the infant's skin color. - A healthy color (pink) indicates good oxygenation, while **pallor or cyanosis** suggests poorer perfusion and is scored lower. *Pulse rate* - **Pulse rate** is represented by the first 'A' in APGAR, which stands for **Activity** (muscle tone) or sometimes **Appearance** (skin color), not 'P'. - The 'P' in the APGAR score is specifically for the assessment of the infant's **appearance or skin color**. *Pressure* - The APGAR score does not include an assessment of **pressure** as one of its five components. - The components are **Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration**. *Physical activity* - **Physical activity** (muscle tone) is represented by the second 'A' in APGAR. - The letter 'P' in APGAR specifically refers to **pallor or appearance**. [Practice more General Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: This condition shown below is dependent on development of pH of urine. Which of the following subtype development is insensitive to pH of urine?

Calcium oxalate. ***Calcium oxalate*** - **Calcium oxalate stones** are the most common type and form **independently of urine pH**, although they can form in a wide range of pH conditions. - Precipitation of calcium oxalate is primarily influenced by concentrations of **calcium and oxalate** in urine, not pH. *Triple phosphate* - **Triple phosphate (struvite) stones** are highly sensitive to **alkaline urine** (pH > 7.0), as they typically form in the presence of urea-splitting bacteria. - These stones are often large, grow rapidly, and are associated with **urinary tract infections**. *Uric acid* - **Uric acid stones** are highly dependent on urine pH, typically forming in **acidic urine** (pH < 5.5). - Alkalinizing the urine (e.g., with potassium citrate) can help **dissolve existing uric acid stones** and prevent new formation. *Cystine* - **Cystine stones** are also pH-sensitive, forming primarily in **acidic urine**, due to the reduced solubility of cystine at lower pH levels. - Urine alkalinization is a key therapeutic strategy for managing cystine stone formation. [Practice more General Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

In a child with suspected tetany, the following test is performed. Identify the sign?

Accepted Answer

Trousseau sign

Answer

Chvostek sign

Answer

Allen sign

Answer

Turner sign

Question 2

In the score shown below, alphabet P stands for?

Accepted Answer

Pallor severity

Answer

Pulse rate

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Physical activity

Question 3

This condition shown below is dependent on development of pH of urine. Which of the following subtype development is insensitive to pH of urine?

Accepted Answer

Calcium oxalate

Answer

Triple phosphate

Answer

Uric acid

Answer

Cystine

NEET-PG 2018 — General Medicine