Infectious Diseases — MCQs

A 40-year-old man presents with a year-long history of oral candidiasis, fever, and diarrhea. Physical examination reveals muscle wasting, with his weight at 70% of normal for his height and age. He has generalized nontender lymphadenopathy but no hepatosplenomegaly. Over the past 3 months, he has developed three irregular, 1- to 2-cm, reddish-purple, nodular skin lesions on his forearm. Laboratory findings show hemoglobin, 12.2 g/dL; hematocrit, 36.5%; MCV, 85 mm3; platelet count, 188,000/mm3; and WBC count, 2460/mm3 with 82% segmented neutrophils, 4% bands, 6% lymphocytes, 6% monocytes, and 2% eosinophils. Infection with which of the following organisms is most likely to produce these findings?

A 30-year-old man presents with persistent cough, night sweats, low-grade fever, and general malaise. A chest X-ray shows findings consistent with a Ghon complex, and sputum cultures are positive for acid-fast bacilli. Examination of the hilar lymph nodes in this patient would most likely demonstrate which of the following pathologic changes?

A study of HIV-infected persons shows that those with CD4+ lymphocyte counts below 100 cells/mL are at increased risk for pulmonary infections. Some patients present with concurrent hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, malabsorption with weight loss, night sweats, and fever. Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens examined microscopically reveal macrophages filled with acid-fast infectious organisms. Which of the following infections have these persons developed?

Which of the following is used as a fungal stain in tissue biopsy sections?

Stellate granuloma is characteristic of which condition?