Antimicrobials — Flashcards

Flashcard 581: Which type of drug elimination is characterized by a constant rate of elimination (resulting in a straight-line decrease in plasma concentration over time)?

Answer: Zero-order elimination

Flashcard 582: What enzyme is inhibited by Methotrexate?_____

Answer: Dihydrofolate reductase (eukaryotic)

Flashcard 583: Which antimicrobials displace unconjugated bilirubin from serum albumin in the blood?_____

Answer: Sulfonamides

Flashcard 584: What is the mechanism of action by which lactulose treats hepatic encephalopathy? _____

Answer: Lactulose is metabolized into acidic metabolites, which convert NH3 to NH4+ (trapped in intestinal lumen and excreted)

Flashcard 585: What can be used in H. pylori triple therapy for those with a penicillin allergy?_____

Answer: Metronidazole

Flashcard 586: Palbociclib is a small molecular inhibitor of the _____ enzymes

Answer: CDK 4/6

Flashcard 587: Cyclophosphamide can result in _____-suppression with resultant -cytopenias

Answer: myelo

Flashcard 588: Which form of immune hemolytic anemia (IgG or IgM) may be caused by drugs? _____

Answer: IgG

Flashcard 589: What is the formula for calculating drug clearance (CL)?

Answer: CL = Rate of elimination / Plasma drug concentration

Extra: CL = Vd × Ke = (0.693 × Vd) / t1/2

Flashcard 590: Which types of vaccine induce a relatively weak immune response? _____

Answer: Inactivated/killed vaccines and Subunit vaccine (2)