Antimicrobials US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Antimicrobials with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Antimicrobials Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 331: Which form(s) of cyclooxygenase synthesize prostaglandins that induce fever?
_____
Answer: COX-2
Extra:
Watch NSAIDs [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-blood-inflammation/videos/medical-pharmacology-blood-and-inflammation-anti-inflammatory-nsaids?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/musculoskeletal?ref=anki
Flashcard 332: Gemcitabine can result in _____-suppression (-cytopenias)
Answer: myelo
Extra:
Watch Cladribine, cytarabine, gemcitabine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antineoplastics/videos/medical-pharmacology-antineoplastics-antimetabolites-cladribine-cytarabine-gemcitabine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 333: Platinum analogs are known to cause _____ in a stocking-glove distribution
Answer: peripheral neuropathy
Extra:
Watch Cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, amifostine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antineoplastics/videos/medical-pharmacology-antineoplastics-dna-and-cellular-division-cisplatin-carboplatin-oxaliplatin-amifostine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 334: Because the EGF receptor is expressed at the epidermis, patients taking Erlotinib are at risk of an _____
Answer: acneiform rash
Extra: Erlotinib is an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor primarily used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic cancer.
**Side Effects:**
1. **Acneiform rash** (papulopustular eruption): Occurs because EGFR is highly expressed in the epidermis and adnexal structures; the severity of the rash often correlates with drug efficacy.
2. **Diarrhea**
3. **Interstitial lung disease** (rare)
Flashcard 335: You can remember the treatment for Nocardia vs Actinomyces in a SNAP:
(S_____ - Nocardia, Actinomyces - P_____)
Answer: ulfonamides
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 336: Sulfonylureas are _____ drugs and thus may cause adverse reactions in allergic patients
Answer: sulfa
Extra:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Endocrine (diabetes)
Watch Insulin, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, GLP 1 agonists, DPP 4 inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-gi-endocrine/videos/medical-pharmacology-gi-and-endocrine-diabetes-insulin-sulfonylureas-meglitinides-glp-1-agonists-dpp-4-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/pancreas/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 337: What class of alkylating agents requires **spontaneous (non-enzymatic)** bioactivation and is notably used to treat brain tumors?
_____
Answer: Nitrosoureas
Extra: Nitrosoureas (e.g., **carmustine**, **lomustine**) are highly lipophilic and cross the blood-brain barrier. Unlike cyclophosphamide, they do not require hepatic enzymes for activation; they undergo spontaneous (non-enzymatic) decomposition.
Flashcard 338: Busulfan's use as an antineoplastic comes from its ability to be a(n) _____ agent
Answer: alkylating
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 339: Platinum based antineoplastics (suffix -platin) work by forming _____
Answer: intrastrand adducts
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 340: What two drug classes are associated with methemoglobinemia?
_____
Answer: Nitrates (and nitrites) & Sulfa drugs
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/blood?index=16]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/hemoglobin/acquire?ref=anki
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