Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 981: In a patient with Eisenmenger syndrome, will repair of the precipitating cardiac defect prevent pulmonary vascular sclerosis from becoming irreversible? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 982: The most common cause of **new-onset** seizure in **middle-aged adults (35-65)** is typically _____

Answer: tumor

Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video: https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/seizures?index=2 OnlineMedEd: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 983: _____ is an isomer of T3 that mirrors T4 levels

Answer: Reverse T3 (rT3)

Extra: Reverse T3 (rT3) is an inactive form of thyroid hormone derived from T4. **Euthyroid Sick Syndrome (ESS):** - Pathophysiology: Decreased 5'-deiodinase activity (converts T4 to T3 and clears rT3). - Findings: ↓ T3, ↑ rT3, normal/↓ TSH, normal/↓ T4. **Hypothyroidism:** - Findings: ↓ T4, ↓ rT3 (mirrors T4), ↑ TSH (primary).

Flashcard 984: Giant cell (temporal) arteritis may present with _____ claudication

Answer: jaw

Extra:   Watch Large & Medium Vessel Vasculitides [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-vascular/videos/medical-pathophysiology-vascular-vasculitides-large-and-medium-vessel-vasculitides?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/vascular/acquire?ref=anki Atlas: 

Flashcard 985: What is the likely diagnosis for a patient with atherosclerosis who presents with crampy postprandial epigastric pain, food aversion, and weight loss? _____

Answer: Chronic mesenteric ischemia

Extra:  Watch Intestinal Ischemia & Angiodysplasia [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-small-bowel-disorders-intestinal-ischemia-and-angiodysplasia?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 986: _____ hypogonadism presents with increased GnRH

Answer: Primary and Secondary

Extra:  * due to loss of negative feedback from gonadal hormones Watch Hypothalamic & Pituitary Dysfunction Clinical Manifestations [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-hypothalamic-and-pituitary-disorders-hypothalamic-and-pituitary-dysfunction-clinical-manifestations?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki 

Flashcard 987: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia leads to _____

Answer: hyperpigmentation

Extra:  Watch Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-congenital-adrenal-hyperplasia-cah?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Adrenocortical Hyperfunction Hyperaldosteronism & Hypercortisolism [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-adrenal-disorders-adrenocortical-hyperfunction-hyperaldosteronism-and-hypercortisolism?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki 

Flashcard 988: Which paraneoplastic syndrome presents with progressive proximal muscle weakness, papules on the knuckles, and a rash around the eyes? _____

Answer: Dermatomyositis

Extra:  Watch Polymyositis & Dermatomyositis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-immunology/videos/medical-pathophysiology-immunology-autoimmune-and-amyloidosis-polymyositis-and-dermatomyositis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 989: Which thyroid imbalance presents with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding and Infertility? _____

Answer: Hypothyroidism AND Hyperthyroidism

Extra:  - hypothyroidism is more associated with menorrhagia - hyperthyroidism is more associated with amenorrhea Watch Hypothyroidism Overview & Hashimotos Thyroiditis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-thyroid-and-parathyroid-hypothyroidism-overview-and-hashimotos-thyroiditis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki 

Flashcard 990: Which type of familial dyslipidemia is associated with corneal arcus? _____

Answer: Type IIa (familial hypercholesterolemia)

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org/spa/metabolism?ref=anki