Cardiology US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Cardiology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Cardiology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 421: _____ is a type I and III hypersensitivity reaction caused by Aspergillus fumigatus
Answer: Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA)
Extra: Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity response to Aspergillus fumigatus associated with asthma and cystic fibrosis.
Key features:
- Eosinophilia
- Very high IgE levels
- Bronchiectasis (proximal)
- Brownish mucus plugs
Flashcard 422: _____ is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in Hispanics and African Americans
Answer: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Extra:
Watch Nephrotic Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-glomerulopathy-nephrotic-syndrome?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/nephrotic-syndromes?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal/nephrotic-syndrome/acquire?ref=anki
most common type of nephrotic syndrome overall in adults
Flashcard 423: Which thyroid imbalance presents with weight loss and increased appetite?
_____
Answer: Hyperthyroidism
Extra:
Watch Hyperthyroidism Overview & Graves Disease [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-thyroid-and-parathyroid-hyperthyroidism-overview-and-graves-disease?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/thyroid/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 424: Autosomal Dominant Tubulointerstitial Kidney Disease is associated with an inability to _____ urine
Answer: concentrate
Extra:
Watch Congenital & Cystic Kidney Disease [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-congenital-and-chronic-kidney-disease-congenital-and-cystic-kidney-disease?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 425: Which thyroid imbalance presents with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
_____
Answer: Hypothyroidism
Extra:
Watch Hypothyroidism Overview & Hashimotos Thyroiditis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-thyroid-and-parathyroid-hypothyroidism-overview-and-hashimotos-thyroiditis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki
Flashcard 426: The signs/symptoms of multiple myeloma may be remembered with the mnemonic "CRAB":
C: _____
R: Renal involvement, height Reduction
A: Anemia*
B: Bone lytic lesions / Back pain
Answer: hyperCalcemia
Extra: Watch Plasma Cell Neoplasms [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-lymphoid/videos/medical-pathophysiology-myeloid-and-lymphoid-lymphoid-and-plasma-cell-disorders-plasma-cell-neoplasms?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/plasma-cell-dyscrasias-and-myeloproliferative-disease?index=2]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/hematology-oncology/plasma-cell/acquire?ref=anki
1) Hypercalcemia/bone lytic lesions/back pain: Osteoclast activation (via RANKL) leads to bone resorption.
2) Renal: Excess light chain exceeds reabsorption ability of kidney, so light chains deposit in tubules and also appear in the urine (Bence Jones protein; detected with UPEP); also, hypercalcemia damages kidney's ability to concentrate urine.
3) Anemia: Replacement of bone marrow with plasma cells (infiltration), so less RBCs produced. Also renal failure leads to low EPO production.
Flashcard 427: What is the preferred initial management for symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
_____ (first-line)
_____ (second-line)
Answer: β-blockers
Extra:
Watch Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac/videos/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac-myocardial-and-pericardial-disorders-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac?ref=anki
Flashcard 428: Pneumocystis pneumonia is a(n) _____ pneumonia
Answer: interstitial (atypical)
Extra:
Watch Pneumocystis jirovecii [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-pneumocystis-jirovecii?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 429: Poliovirus can cause _____ insufficiency
Answer: respiratory
Extra:
Watch Poliovirus (PicoRNAviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-positive-sense-poliovirus-picornaviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/invasive-spinal-cord-disease?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 430: In hypothyroidism patients, myxedema commonly affects the _____ (causing deep voice) and _____ (causing enlargement)
Answer: larynx
Extra:
Watch Hypothyroidism Overview & Hashimotos Thyroiditis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-thyroid-and-parathyroid-hypothyroidism-overview-and-hashimotos-thyroiditis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/thyroid/acquire?ref=anki
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