Cardiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 3581: What is the most likely diagnosis for a **mid-diastolic rumbling murmur** with an **opening snap**, heard best at the apex?

Answer: Mitral stenosis

Flashcard 3582: Global aphasia is characterized by _____ comprehension (intact or impaired)

Answer: impaired

Flashcard 3583: Patients with early diabetic neuropathy typically have decreased _____ reflexes

Answer: ankle

Flashcard 3584: Patients with the B blood type cannot receive which blood types?

Answer: A and AB

Extra: Blood type B individuals have anti-A antibodies in their plasma. Therefore, receiving blood with A antigens (Type A or Type AB) will result in an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.

Flashcard 3585: What acid-base disorder may be seen with syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess? _____

Answer: Metabolic alkalosis

Flashcard 3586: What neurologic complication is classically associated with **meperidine** overdose? _____

Answer: Seizures (due to the metabolite normeperidine)

Extra: While most opioids cause CNS depression, meperidine (and tramadol) are classically associated with seizures in overdose. Normeperidine has a long half-life and neurotoxic properties, especially in patients with renal impairment.

Flashcard 3587: What demographic (age, gender) is associated with scleroderma? _____

Answer: Middle-aged females (30-50 years)

Flashcard 3588: When does the rash of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) typically appear?

Answer: 2–5 days after the onset of fever

Flashcard 3589: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis often presents with lower respiratory tract symptoms, such as _____, cough, and dyspnea

Answer: hemoptysis

Flashcard 3590: Which invasive infection can present similarly to mucormycosis (paranasal sinus necrosis)?_____

Answer: Invasive aspergillosis