Endocrinology & Diabetes — Flashcards

Insulin therapy for DKA should consist of: 1) stopping regular _____-acting insulin and continuing long-acting insulin 2) Starting a fixed-rate infusion at 0.1 units/kg/hr

Hint: Long/Short

HHS patients should have postassium repletion if serum potassium is <_____ mmol/hr at a rate of 40 mmol/L. If serum potassium is <3.5, the patient requires a senior review, as higher levels of potassium are required

HHS typically affects _____ with type 2 diabetes

Hint: demographic

T1DM is caused by _____

Hint: Pathophysiology

Insulin therapy for HHS SHOULD NOT begin until _____ UNLESS there is ketonaemia in which case insulin therapy should begin quickly

Patients with suspected T1DM may be tested for autoantibodies such as: _____, IA2 or ZnT8

Hint: antibody against glutamic acid decarboxylase

_____ and short acting insulins have a quick onset and short duration. They are used to replicate insulin spikes in respose to glucose from a meal or sugar Intermediate and long acting insulins have a slow onset and long duration. They are used to replicate endogenous basal insulin secreted continuously throughout the day

DKA resolution is defined as: • pH >_____ • Blood ketones <0.6 mmol/L • Bicarbonate >15.0 mmol/L Patients who have met this criteria may be switched to subcutaneous insulin if they are eating/drinking

Diagnosis of T1DM involves confirmation of _____, followed by identifying T1DM as the cause

Unlike DKA, in HHS the pancreas still produces small amounts of insulin which is sufficient to prevent _____ by supressing lipolysis