Endocrinology & Diabetes — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: To remember the Gestational Diabetes diagnostic glucose values (3-hour OGTT), remember the numbers _____ (mg/dL)

Answer: 95, 180, 155, 140

Extra: The "5678" mnemonic for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) diagnosis (NDDG criteria / 3-hour OGTT): • 95 mg/dL (Fast) -> ~5 • 180 mg/dL (1 hr) -> 8 • 155 mg/dL (2 hr) -> 5 • 140 mg/dL (3 hr) -> 4 (The mnemonic is a loose memory aid for the second digits: 9**5**, 18**0**, 15**5**, 14**0** is sometimes taught as 5-18-15-14, but the '5678' refers to the sequence 95, 165, 175, 185 in some variations or simplified 1-hour steps). Commonly: Fasting: >95 1-hour: >180 2-hour: >155 3-hour: >140

Flashcard 2: Obese women (BMI >30) should be screened for gestational diabetes with an OGTT at _____.

Answer: the first prenatal visit

Extra: Standard universal screening for GDM occurs at 24–28 weeks. However, high-risk individuals (BMI >30, previous GDM, known PCOS, or FH of Diabetes) require early screening at the first booking visit to identify overt or early-onset diabetes.

Flashcard 3: Cyproterone Acetate is an _____ which is used in combination with e.g. Goserelin to prevent flare-up (tumor flare) symptoms

Answer: anti-androgen (androgen receptor antagonist)

Flashcard 4: Pregnant patients with T1DM should monitor their glucose _____

Answer: multiple times during the day

Flashcard 5: Add _____ if fasting glucose level is >=7 mmol/l

Answer: Insulin

Flashcard 6: _____ would qualify a patient for OGTT

Answer: Previous Macrosomia

Flashcard 7: Symptoms of _____ in the groin in children <2 years old should prompt investigation of type 1 diabetes

Answer: Candida infection

Flashcard 8: What is the conversion for Oral Morphine to SC Diamorphine _____

Answer: divide by 3

Flashcard 9: What is the conversion for Oral Oxycodone to Subcutaneous Diamorphine? _____

Answer: Divide by 1.5

Flashcard 10: _____ prevents potassium absorption So correct magnesium before correcting hypokalaemia

Answer: Hypomagnesemia