Endocrine Pharmacology — Flashcards

Flashcard 131: _____ can cause euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Answer: SGLT2 inhibitors::OHA

Flashcard 132: In the management of a patient with thyroid storm, _____ is given first, followed by _____ one hour later.

Answer: propylthiouracil (PTU); potassium iodide

Flashcard 133: _____ is contraindicated in patients with prior history of radiation, for treatment of osteoporosis.

Answer: Teriparatide

Flashcard 134: _____ is the only sulfonylurea OHA that can be safely used without dose adjustment even in severe and moderate renal disease.

Answer: Gliquidone

Extra: Gliquidone is unique among sulfonylureas because it is primarily excreted via the bile and feces (approximately 95%), rather than the kidneys. This makes it the only sulfonylurea that can be used safely without dose adjustment even in severe renal impairment. Note: While **Glipizide** is often used in renal failure because its metabolites are inactive, it is still mostly excreted by the kidneys and typically requires cautious monitoring or dose reduction in severe renal disease. Gliquidone is the classic "textbook" answer for this specific property.

Flashcard 135: _____ acts as a cathepsin-K inhibitor which is an enzyme in osteoclast that facilitates bone resorption.

Answer: Odanacatib

Flashcard 136: Drug of choice for Insulinoma is

Answer: Diazoxide

Flashcard 137: Drug of choice for neurogenic/central diabetes insipidus

Answer: Desmopressin

Flashcard 138: Drug of choice for central precocious puberty in girls

Answer: Leuprolide acetate

Flashcard 139: What is the drug of choice for treatment of central precocious puberty? _______

Answer: Leuprolide acetate

Flashcard 140: Drug of choice for pre-operative medical preparation of a hyperthyroid patient for thyroid surgery to achieve a euthyroid state

Answer: Carbimazole (or Methimazole)

Extra: Antithyroid drugs like Carbimazole or Methimazole are used for 4–6 weeks to render the patient euthyroid before surgery. Lugol's iodine or potassium iodide is typically added 7–10 days pre-operatively to decrease the vascularity and friability of the thyroid gland.