Respiratory Diseases — MCQs

Which of the following is not a cause of lung abscess in children?

After repeated infections manifested by cough, fever, and consolidation in lungs, the diagnosis of intralobar sequestration was established for a child. Sequestration of lung is seen MOST commonly in?

A 9-month-old child presented with characteristic "barking" cough and hoarseness of voice. She had a history of rhinorrhoea, pharyngitis, mild cough, and low-grade fever for 1-3 days, with symptoms worsening at night. On examination, she had a normal to moderately inflamed pharynx, increased respiratory rate, nasal flaring, suprasternal, infrasternal, and intercostal retractions, and continuous inspiratory stridor. X-ray of the neck was also performed. All of the following statements are true about the treatment of this condition except:

A child presents with respiratory distress and failure to thrive. His sweat chloride levels were estimated at 35 meq/L and 41 meq/L. What is the next best test to confirm the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?

A 9-month-old child presents with cough and coryza for 2 days. For the past day, the child has had noisy breathing that worsens with crying. On examination, stridor is noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 4-month-old boy presents with fever and cough for 3 days. On examination, he has rhonchi, a respiratory rate of 48/min, and no chest indrawing. Which of the following statements is false?

A seven-year-old child presents with recurrent chest infections and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Sweat chloride levels have been observed between 40-60 mmol/L on two separate occasions. Which of the following tests should be performed next to support the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?

A 1-year-old female infant is hospitalized for pneumonia. Bacterial cultures of the sputum have grown Pseudomonas aeruginosa. She has had two prior hospitalizations for severe respiratory infections. Her mother has noted that when she kisses her child, the child tastes 'salty.' The child has had weight loss that the mother attributes to frequent vomiting and diarrhea with bulky, foul-smelling fatty stools. The child is small for her age. Which of the following critical proteins is altered in this condition?

What is the most sensitive investigation for cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition. A normal couple has one daughter affected with the disease. They are now planning to have another child. What is the chance of her sibling being affected by the disease?