Renal Pathology — MCQs

A 4-year-old girl presents with swelling of the legs and ankles. Physical examination reveals pitting edema of the lower extremities. Urinalysis shows 2+ proteinuria. The urinary sediment contains no inflammatory cells or red blood cells. Serum levels of BUN and creatinine are normal. The patient recovers completely after a course of corticosteroids. Which of the following pathologic findings might be expected in the urine prior to treatment with corticosteroids?

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by

All are features of hemolytic uremic syndrome, EXCEPT?

Minimal-change nephropathy is characterized by which of the following?

A 7-year-old boy has become less active over the past 10 days. On physical examination, the boy has facial puffiness. Urinalysis shows no blood, glucose, or ketones, and microscopic examination shows no casts or crystals. The serum creatinine level is normal. A 24-hour urine collection yields 3.8 g of protein. He improves after corticosteroid therapy. He has two more episodes of proteinuria over the next 4 years, both of which respond to corticosteroid therapy. What is the most likely mechanism causing his disease?

A 28-year-old man presents with a large amount of blood and protein in his urine. He has had sensorineural hearing loss since his teen years and anterior lenticonus. The physician suspects a genetic disorder that may lead to eventual kidney failure. If this is the case, the patient most likely has a mutation in which one of the following proteins?

Silver stain performed on renal biopsy shows characteristic findings. Immunostaining for Anti-PLA2R is positive. Based on the given findings, what is the likely diagnosis?

Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis can be associated with all of the following, except?

Dysmorphic RBCs are seen in which of the following conditions?

A 20-year-old primigravid woman in her third trimester reports minimal fetal movement. Ultrasound reveals bilaterally enlarged echogenic kidneys and a markedly decreased amniotic fluid index. The patient delivers a stillborn male fetus at 33 weeks' gestation. Autopsy shows deformations consistent with marked oligohydramnios, including flattened facies, varus deformities of the feet, and severe pulmonary hypoplasia. Microscopic examination of the liver reveals multiple epithelium-lined cysts and bile duct proliferation. What is the most likely renal disease in this fetus?