Public Health Administration Practice Questions

Q: Community health centre covers a population of

80000. ***80000*** - A **Community Health Centre (CHC)** typically covers a population of **80,000 to 120,000** in normal areas, and 80,000 for hilly/tribal areas. - CHCs serve as a **referral center** for 4 Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and provide specialist services. *40000* - This population coverage is too small for a Community Health Centre. - A **Primary Health Centre (PHC)** is designed to cover a population of 30,000 in plain areas and 20,000 in hilly/tribal areas. *20000* - This population is too small for a Community Health Centre. - A **Sub-Centre** typically covers a population of 5,000 in plain areas and 3,000 in hilly/tribal areas. *60000* - While closer, this population is still below the recommended coverage for a Community Health Centre in plain areas. - The standard for a CHC is generally **80,000 to 120,000** in plain areas.

Q: Which one of the following is NOT a Voluntary Health Agency?

National Institute of Nutrition. ***National Institute of Nutrition*** - The **National Institute of Nutrition (NIN)** is a **government-funded research institute** and is therefore not classified as a voluntary health agency. - NIN is primarily involved in **nutrition research**, policy recommendations, and public health initiatives under the aegis of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). *Ford Foundation* - The **Ford Foundation** is a global private foundation and, similar to voluntary health agencies, operates with a **philanthropic mission** to promote human welfare. - It provides **grants and support** to various organizations, including those focused on health and social development. *Indian Council for child Welfare* - The **Indian Council for Child Welfare (ICCW)** is a non-governmental organization dedicated to the **welfare of children** in India. - It is a **voluntary health agency** that works on programs related to child health, education, and protection. *Family planning Association of India* - The **Family Planning Association of India (FPAI)** is a well-known **voluntary health agency** that focuses on sexual and reproductive health. - It provides **family planning services**, education, and advocacy, operating on a non-profit and voluntary basis.

Q: One PHC covers how much population in hilly area?

20000. ***20000*** - In **hilly, tribal, or difficult areas**, one PHC is generally established for a population of **20,000**. - This lower population coverage is due to challenges in accessibility and the dispersed nature of communities in such regions. - As per **Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS)**, PHCs in difficult terrains serve smaller populations to ensure better healthcare access. *50000* - This figure does not correspond to standard PHC or CHC coverage norms. - A **Community Health Centre (CHC)** typically covers a population of **1,20,000** and serves as a referral unit for four PHCs. - CHCs provide specialist services including surgery, obstetrics & gynecology, pediatrics, and medicine. *10000* - This figure does not match the population coverage of any standard health facility under the Indian health system. - A **Sub-Centre** in hilly/tribal/difficult areas covers approximately **3,000 population**, while in plain areas it covers **5,000 population**. - Sub-Centres are the most peripheral contact point between the primary healthcare system and the community. *30000* - This figure represents the population covered by a Primary Health Centre (PHC) in **plain areas**. - The population coverage is higher in plain areas due to better infrastructure, road connectivity, and accessibility compared to hilly regions. - As per IPHS norms, PHCs in plains serve larger populations than those in difficult terrains.

Q: The concept of multipurpose workers was given by:

Kartar Singh committee. ***Kartar Singh committee*** - The **Kartar Singh Committee** (1973) recommended the concept of **multipurpose workers** (MPWs) for health care delivery. - This committee aimed to integrate various health programs and streamline health services by having a single health worker provide a range of services. *Srivastava committee* - The Srivastava Committee (1975) focused on the **medical education system** and suggested reforms for its restructuring. - It did not primarily deal with the concept of multipurpose health workers but rather with the training of medical professionals. *Mudaliar committee* - The Mudaliar Committee (1962), also known as the Health Survey and Planning Committee, reviewed the progress made in health since the Bhore Committee. - While it made recommendations on health infrastructure and services, it did not introduce the concept of multipurpose workers. *Mukherjee committee* - The Mukherjee Committee (1966) addressed issues related to the **basic health services** and the integration of various disease control programs. - While it proposed integrating staff from different programs, the specific term and comprehensive recommendation for "multipurpose workers" came from the Kartar Singh Committee.

Q: Which committee is responsible for making a plan for village health under NHM

Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee. ***Village health sanitation and Nutrition committee*** - The **Village Health, Sanitation and Nutrition Committee (VHSNC)** is the designated body under the National Health Mission (NHM) responsible for local health planning and resource management at the village level. - Its primary role is to promote community participation, address **local health needs**, and facilitate the implementation of health and nutrition programs. *Village Health planning and management committee* - This is not the officially recognized or structured committee name under the **National Health Mission (NHM)** for village-level health planning. - While reflecting similar functions, the specific nomenclature and mandate belong to the **VHSNC**. *Panchayat Health Committee.* - While panchayats play a crucial role in local governance and health initiatives, the dedicated committee for health planning under NHM is the **VHSNC**, not a general "Panchayat Health Committee." - The **VHSNC** is specifically constituted for health, sanitation, and nutrition, often with broader representation than just the panchayat members. *Rogi kalyan samiti* - **Rogi Kalyan Samitis** (Patient Welfare Committees) primarily operate at the **facility level** (e.g., district hospitals, Community Health Centers) to improve basic amenities and services for patients. - They are not responsible for comprehensive **village-level health planning** as described in the question.

Q: In community health programs, a population of 1000 is typically covered by which healthcare worker?

ASHA worker. ***ASHA worker*** - An **ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) worker** is the primary community health worker who covers a population of **1,000** in community health programs. - Under the **National Health Mission (NHM)**, one ASHA is appointed for every **1,000 population** in rural areas or per village. - Their roles include facilitating access to health services, health awareness, promoting institutional deliveries, immunization, and serving as a bridge between the community and the public health system. *Trained dai* - **Trained dais (Traditional Birth Attendants)** were historically used but this program has been largely discontinued. - The focus has shifted from home deliveries by dais to **institutional deliveries** assisted by skilled birth attendants. - While they may have covered populations in the past, they are not part of the current structured community health workforce. *ANM (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife)* - An **ANM** serves a **much larger population** of approximately **5,000** at the sub-center level. - They provide primary health services including maternal and child health, family planning, immunization, and basic curative care. - One ANM is typically posted at each sub-center. *AWW (Anganwadi Worker)* - An **AWW** covers a **smaller population** of approximately **400-800 in rural areas** and up to **1,000 in urban/tribal areas**. - They primarily focus on **early childhood care and development** through Anganwadi centers under the ICDS scheme. - Their functions include supplementary nutrition, preschool education, and health and nutrition education for women and children.

Q: The health promotional phase in public health is between the years:

1981-2000. ***1981-2000*** - This period is known as the **health promotional phase** or the **social engineering phase**, emphasizing **lifestyle improvements** and **behavioral changes** for better health outcomes. - Key focus areas included addressing **chronic diseases** and promoting **wellness** through public health initiatives. *1880-1920* - This era is often referred to as the **disease control phase**, focusing primarily on **sanitation**, **hygiene**, and controlling **infectious diseases**. - The implementation of cleaner water and improved waste disposal were major hallmarks. *1920-1960* - This period is recognized as the **health education phase**, where the emphasis shifted to informing the public about **health risks** and **preventive measures**. - Efforts were made to educate individuals on practices like handwashing and proper nutrition to prevent illness. *1960-1980* - This phase is typically characterized by the **medical care expansion** or **curative phase**, with a significant focus on developing **medical technologies**, **hospitals**, and therapeutic interventions. - The emphasis was more on treating illness rather than preventing it through broader lifestyle changes.

Q: Specialists who should be available at a community health center include, inter alia, those in -

Obstetrics and Gynecology. ***Obstetrics and Gynecology*** - As per **Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS)**, CHCs must have specialists in four disciplines: Surgery, Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Pediatrics. - OB/GYN specialists provide essential **maternal health services**, **antenatal care**, **delivery services**, and **gynecological care** at the community level. - **All four basic specialties are mandatory** at CHCs, but if selecting one based on the question's maternal and child health focus, OB/GYN aligns with the topic emphasis. *Dermatology and venereology* - **NOT a mandatory specialist** position at Community Health Centers as per IPHS norms. - Dermatological and STI services are typically provided by **general physicians** or through **referral** to higher centers. - This is the only option among the four that is NOT a basic mandatory specialty at CHCs. *Pediatrics* - **Mandatory specialist** at all CHCs as per IPHS guidelines. - Pediatricians provide essential **child health services**, **immunization oversight**, and management of childhood illnesses. - This is one of the **four basic specialties** required at every CHC (Surgery, Medicine, OB/GYN, Pediatrics). *Surgery* - **Mandatory specialist** at all CHCs as per IPHS guidelines. - Surgeons handle **emergency surgical care**, **minor procedures**, and **basic operative interventions** at the community level. - CHCs are equipped with **operation theaters** and basic surgical facilities, making surgical specialists essential.

Q: When an outcome is compared with intended objectives, it is called as -

Evaluation. ***Evaluation*** - **Evaluation** is a systematic process of comparing actual outcomes against predefined objectives to assess their effectiveness, efficiency, and impact. - It involves making judgments about the **worth** or **significance** of a program, project, or policy. *Network analysis* - **Network analysis** is a technique used to understand the relationships and connections within a system, often focusing on communication or collaboration. - It does not primarily involve comparing outcomes to objectives but rather mapping and measuring interactions between entities. *Input-output analysis* - **Input-output analysis** is an economic technique that studies the interdependence between different sectors of an economy by tracing inputs and outputs. - It is concerned with resource allocation and production linkages, not the comparison of outcomes to explicit objectives. *Monitoring* - **Monitoring** involves the continuous tracking of activities and progress against plans to ensure things are on track. - While it collects data on actual performance, its primary purpose is to observe and report as events unfold, not to make judgments about overall success against original goals.

Question 1

Community health centre covers a population of

Accepted Answer

80000

Answer

40000

Answer

20000

Answer

60000

Question 2

Which one of the following is NOT a Voluntary Health Agency?

Accepted Answer

National Institute of Nutrition

Answer

Ford Foundation

Answer

Indian Council for Child Welfare

Answer

Family Planning Association of India

Question 3

One PHC covers how much population in hilly area?

Accepted Answer

20000

Answer

50000

Answer

10000

Answer

30000

Question 4

The concept of multipurpose workers was given by:

Accepted Answer

Kartar Singh committee

Answer

Srivastava committee

Answer

Mudaliar committee

Answer

Mukherjee committee

Question 5

Which committee is responsible for making a plan for village health under NHM

Accepted Answer

Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee

Answer

Village Health planning and management committee

Answer

Rogi kalyan samiti

Answer

Panchayat Health Committee

Question 6

In community health programs, a population of 1000 is typically covered by which healthcare worker?

Accepted Answer

ASHA worker

Answer

ANM (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife)

Answer

AWW (Anganwadi Worker)

Answer

Trained dai

Question 7

The health promotional phase in public health is between
the years:

Accepted Answer

1981-2000

Answer

1880-1920

Answer

1920-1960

Answer

1960-1980

Question 8

Specialists who should be available at a community health center include, inter alia, those in -

Accepted Answer

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Answer

Dermatology and venereology

Answer

Pediatrics

Answer

Surgery

Question 9

When an outcome is compared with intended objectives, it is called as -

Accepted Answer

Evaluation

Answer

Network analysis

Answer

Input-output analysis

Answer

Monitoring

Question 10

Ministry of AYUSH was formed in 2014 for the development of education and research in the field of:

Accepted Answer

All of the above systems (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, and Naturopathy)

Answer

Ayurveda and Yoga only

Answer

Siddha and Homeopathy only

Answer

Unani and Naturopathy only

Public Health Administration — MCQs

Public Health Administration — MCQs

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