Renal — Flashcards

Flashcard 741: Microinfarctions in the renal medulla due to sickle cell trait eventually result in decreased ability to _____ urine

Answer: concentrate

Flashcard 742: Obstructive jaundice is associated with _____ urine urobilinogen

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 743: The _____ basal ganglia pathway facilitates movement

Answer: direct

Flashcard 744: Which areas (2) of the nephron are responsible for adjustments of K+ excretion?_____

Answer: Late distal tubule, Collecting ducts

Flashcard 745: Aldosterone upregulates the _____ pump on the basolateral membrane of the principal cells

Answer: Na+-K+ ATPase

Flashcard 746: In the early distal tubule, the TF/P osm ratio is _____ 1

Answer: < (less than 1)

Extra: The early distal tubule (along with the thick ascending limb) is known as the "diluting segment." These segments are impermeable to water but actively reabsorb solutes, causing the tubular fluid to become hyposmotic relative to plasma ([TF/P]osm < 1).

Flashcard 747: At the _____ flow rates, saliva is most dissimilar to plasma (high K+, low Na+ and Cl-)

Answer: lowest

Flashcard 748: In diabetes insipidus, the water deprivation test fails to _____ urine osmolality

Answer: increase

Flashcard 749: The _____ is formed by the reticular formation, locus coeruleus, and raphe nucleus

Answer: reticular activating system (RAS)

Flashcard 750: Obstructive jaundice is associated with dark urine due to increased urine _____

Answer: conjugated bilirubin