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Without _____ (gonadal females), the wolffian ducts do not differentiate into male internal genitalia
What equation may be used to calculate the fractional excretion of sodium given the patient's GFR? FENa = _____
In addition to ICF and ECF, a small _____ fluid compartment consists of cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal, and digestive fluids
Some _____ in the cells of the thick ascending limb diffuse back into the lumen, creating a lumen positive potential difference
How does the fractional excretion of Na+ (FENa) change in prerenal azotemia? _____
When a person is on a low K+ diet, K+ can be reabsorbed in the terminal nephron segments by the _____ cells
[TF/P]x _____ 1 when the solute is reabsorbed less quickly than water
Following the distal convoluted tubule, glomerular filtrate enters the _____
_____ is defined as distilled water that is free of solutes
In principal cells, increased ENaC activity (due to aldosterone) causes increased lumen _____
Hint: charge
Renal blood flow distribution
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Proximal tubule reabsorption
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Loop of Henle function
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Distal tubule and collecting duct function
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Concentration and dilution of urine
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Countercurrent multiplication system
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Sodium handling along the nephron
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Potassium balance and regulation
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Calcium and phosphate handling
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Magnesium handling
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Water balance and osmoregulation
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Diuretic mechanisms of action
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Integrated nephron function
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