Cardiovascular — Flashcards

Flashcard 1051: T-cells and B-cells become _____ when exposed to their antigen without a costimulatory signal

Answer: anergic

Flashcard 1052: Which immunoglobulin isotypes are expressed by mature, naive B-cells?_____

Answer: IgM and IgD

Flashcard 1053: Which phase of the cell cycle are secondary oocytes arrested in until fertilization?_____

Answer: Metaphase II (of meiosis II)

Flashcard 1054: How does hyperthyroidism cause increased sympathetic nervous system activity?_____

Answer: Increased expression of beta1-adrenergic receptors

Flashcard 1055: In a cardiac cell, the conductance to K+ at rest is _____ (high/low)

Answer: high

Flashcard 1056: Which immune cell has the cell surface protein CD19, CD20, and CD21? _____

Answer: B cells

Flashcard 1057: Activation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors results in _____ cardiac output

Answer: increased

Flashcard 1058: In the _____, the T cell differentiates into a CD4+ or CD8+ T cell

Answer: thymic cortex

Flashcard 1059: In the ovaries, aromatase activity is stimulated by the hormone _____

Answer: FSH

Flashcard 1060: What unique antibodies in plasma do patients with the Rh- blood type have?_____

Answer: None naturally (Anti-D antibodies only develop after exposure to Rh+ blood)

Extra: Unlike the ABO system where antibodies are naturally occurring, Rh-negative individuals do not have anti-D antibodies unless they have been sensitized by Rh-positive blood (e.g., via transfusion or pregnancy).