Local anesthetics — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What type of local anesthetic are procaine, cocaine, tetracaine, and benzocaine? _____

Answer: Esters

Flashcard 2: What type of nerve fiber, myelinated or unmyelinated, is affected first by local anesthetics? _____

Answer: Myelinated fibers

Flashcard 3: Local anesthetics are often given with _____ to enhance local action

Answer: vasoconstrictors

Flashcard 4: What should be given to a patient who is allergic to ester local anesthetics (e.g. procaine)?_____

Answer: Amide anesthetics (e.g. lidocaine)

Flashcard 5: Are local anesthetics typically acidic or alkaline? _____

Answer: Alkaline (tertiary amines)

Flashcard 6: What vasoconstrictor is often given with local anesthetics?_____

Answer: Epinephrine

Flashcard 7: carbamazepine

Answer: neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, IUGR

Flashcard 8: phenytoin

Answer: fetal hydantoin syndrome

Flashcard 9: valproate

Answer: neural tube defects (inhibition of maternal folate absorption)

Flashcard 10: levodopa

Answer:

Extra: Parkinson's diseasedopamine precursor, crosses blood-brain barrier, converted to dopamine by dopa decarboxylaseGI distress, nausea, arrhythmias, dyskinesia (on dose), akinesia (between dose)