Antivirals US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Antivirals with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Antivirals Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 171: Which two anti-influenza drugs inhibit viral uncoating?
_____
Answer: Amantadine and Rimantadine
Extra:
Watch Influenzavirus (Orthomyxoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-influenzavirus-orthomyxoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 172: Maraviroc inhibits _____ of HIV binding to the chemokine receptor _____
Answer: gp120
Extra:
Watch Maraviroc, fusion inhibitors, integrase inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antivirals-hiv-maraviroc-fusion-inhibitors-integrase-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 173: In subsequent steps of bioactivation, -cyclovirs are converted to the _____ form by specific cellular kinases
Answer: triphosphate
Extra: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir are first phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase to a monophosphate form. Host cellular kinases then perform the subsequent phosphorylations to create the active triphosphate form, which inhibits viral DNA polymerase by chain termination.
Flashcard 174: Which group of "-cyclovir" drugs is bioactivated by **HSV/VZV thymidine kinase**?
_____
(vs. Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir)
Answer: Acyclovir, Famciclovir, Valacyclovir
Extra: Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir require a viral kinase (Thymidine Kinase) for the first phosphorylation. Because human cells lack this specific enzyme, the drug is only activated in infected cells, leading to high selectivity and fewer side effects.
Contrast: Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir are primarily bioactivated by the CMV kinase (UL97).
Flashcard 175: Which type of HAART drug is Lopinavir?
_____
Answer: Protease inhibitor
Extra:
Watch Protease inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antivirals-hiv-protease-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 176: Which influenza vaccine is administered intranasally?
_____
Answer: Live, attenuated
Extra:
Watch Influenzavirus (Orthomyxoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-influenzavirus-orthomyxoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/immunology/videos/vaccinations?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/vaccinations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 177: Lack of viral thymidine kinase to phosphorylate acyclovir explains why the drug is not effective against _____
Answer: CMV
Extra: Acyclovir is a prodrug that must be phosphorylated by **viral thymidine kinase** to become active.
- **HSV** and **VZV** possess this enzyme.
- **CMV** lacks this enzyme (it uses UL97 kinase instead), which is why acyclovir is not effective against it.
- **EBV** has minimal clinical response to acyclovir.
https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antivirals-other-acyclovir-valacyclovir-famciclovir
Flashcard 178: Which two anti-influenza drugs have a high rate of resistance (no longer recommended)?
_____
Answer: Amantadine; Rimantadine
Extra:
Watch Influenzavirus (Orthomyxoviridae) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-viruses/videos/medical-microbiology-viruses-rna-viruses-negative-sense-influenzavirus-orthomyxoviridae?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 179: What class of drugs inhibits HIV DNA integration into host cell genomes?
_____
Answer: Integrase inhibitors
Extra:
Watch Maraviroc, fusion inhibitors, integrase inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antivirals-hiv-maraviroc-fusion-inhibitors-integrase-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 180: HCV therapeutics with the suffix _____ work by inhibiting the NS5A protein, which plays an integral role in viral replication
Answer: -asvir
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/antivirals/acquire?ref=anki
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