Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 941: Which step of bacterial protein synthesis does Chloramphenicol inhibit?

Answer: Peptidyl transferase (50S subunit)

Extra: Chloramphenicol binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits the peptidyl transferase enzyme, preventing peptide bond formation. It is generally bacteriostatic.

Flashcard 942: What is the first-line treatment of complicated UTIs?_____

Answer: Fluoroquinolones

Flashcard 943: What is the treatment for Nocardia spp. infection?_____

Answer: Sulfonamides

Flashcard 944: 1st generation cephalosporins have activity mostly against gram-_____ organisms

Answer: positive

Flashcard 945: Carbapenems may cause skin _____

Answer: rash

Flashcard 946: Fluoroquinolone side effects (ex. GI upset) are most likely mediated by _____ toxicity

Answer: mitochondrial

Flashcard 947: Fluoroquinolones are contraindicated in the following groups due to damage to _____- people > 60 years old- patients taking prednisone

Answer: tendons

Flashcard 948: Which antibiotics can result in acute tubular necrosis?_____

Answer: Aminoglycosides

Flashcard 949: Which antibiotic can precipitate serotonin toxicity when coadministered with SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, and bupropion?

Answer: Linezolid

Flashcard 950: Which antibiotics are commonly paired with beta-lactams or vancomycin to enhance their penetration of bacterial cells?

Answer: Aminoglycosides