Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 721: Which drug elimination is characterized by a constant fraction of drug eliminated per unit time?_____

Answer: First-order elimination

Flashcard 722: Which antibiotic is used against extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing gram-negative bacteria?_____

Answer: Carbapenems

Flashcard 723: Cephalosporins rarely can cause anemia by inducing _____ Bonus: Which cephalosporins are most commonly associated?

Answer: anti-RBC autoantibodies (Immune Hemolytic Anemia) Bonus: Cefotetan and Ceftriaxone

Flashcard 724: Mupirocin is a topical antibiotic that works by inhibiting _____

Answer: isoleucine t-RNA synthetase

Flashcard 725: TMP-SMX are _____ and should be avoided due to inhibition of folate metabolism

Answer: teratogenic

Flashcard 726: What step of bacterial protein synthesis is inhibited by **Clindamycin**?

Answer: Inhibits **translocation** by binding to the **50S** ribosomal subunit.

Extra: Clindamycin's mechanism is similar to macrolides (e.g., erythromycin). It binds to the 50S subunit, preventing the movement of the ribosome along the mRNA (translocation).

Flashcard 727: Which antibiotic causes the misreading of mRNA and inhibition of translation?_____

Answer: Aminoglycosides

Flashcard 728: Empiric treatment of Pasteurella multocida is with _____

Answer: penicillin

Flashcard 729: What cephalosporin is used as prophylaxis before abdominal surgery?_____

Answer: Cefoxitin (cephamycin group)

Flashcard 730: How does MRSA obtain methicillin resistance? Alters _____

Answer: PBP (penicillin-binding proteins)