Systemic Pathology — Flashcards

Flashcard 541: Disorder of bone remodeling caused by ↑ osteoclast bone resorption is suggestive of _____

Answer: paget disease

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Flashcard 542: Spherocytes may indicate: _____ immune-mediated hemolysis (auto / drugs)

Answer: hereditary spherocytosis

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Flashcard 543: Non-enzymatic glycosylation (NEG) makes the _____ more rigid, which further accelerates hyperfiltration and mesangial expansion

Answer: efferent glomerular arterioles

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Flashcard 544: Methemoglobinemia is a blood pathology that presents with saturation gap and a(n) _____ PaO2

Answer: normal

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Flashcard 545: In multiple myeloma, neoplastic plasma cells secrete _____ factor, which activates the RANK receptor on osteoclasts, leading to bone destruction

Answer: osteoclast activating

Extra: Multiple myeloma cells produce cytokines like IL-1 and RANKL (collectively known as Osteoclast Activating Factors), which stimulate RANK receptors on osteoclasts, leading to characteristic punched-out lytic bone lesions.

Flashcard 546: What MSK pathology is characterized by impaired relaxation after a single muscle contraction? _____

Answer: Myotonic dystrophy

Extra:  Watch Muscular Dystrophies [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-muscle-muscular-dystrophies?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/genetics?ref=anki  

Flashcard 547: _____ syndrome is a pathology of the spinal nerve roots that results in bilateral, severe radicular pain

Answer: Cauda equina

Flashcard 548: What is the location of bone thinning in renal osteodystrophy? _____

Answer: Subperiosteal region

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Flashcard 549: What pathologic RBC is seen in liver disease and abetalipoproteinemia? _____

Answer: Acanthocytes

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Flashcard 550: _____ will result in: HbA ≈ 93% HbS = 0% HbF ≈ 2% HbA2 ≈ 5%

Answer: β-thalassemia minor (β/β+)

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