CNS trauma — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What disease is associated with this spinal cord lesion? _____

Answer: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Flashcard 2: _____ is a trinucleotide repeat disorder that causes degeneration of the cerebellum and multiple spinal cord tracts

Answer: Friedreich ataxia

Flashcard 3: Microglia are activated in response to _____

Answer: tissue damage

Flashcard 4: What type necrosis is seen with brain infarcts and abscess? _____

Answer: Liquefactive necrosis

Flashcard 5: Amyloid angiopathy increases risk for intracranial _____

Answer: hemorrhage

Flashcard 6: On imaging, patients with Diffuse Axonal Injury will show multiple _____ at grey-white matter junctions

Answer: punctate hemorrhages

Flashcard 7: Which vascular layer do saccular (berry) aneurysms lack?_____

Answer: Tunica Media

Flashcard 8: What is the term for infarcted tissue in the basal ganglia or internal capsule caused by occlusion of a lenticulostriate artery?

Answer: lacunar infarct

Flashcard 9: epidural hematoma

Answer: rupture of middle meningeal artery; fracture of temporal bone

Extra: rapid arterial bleedinglucid interval followed by decreased LOC; CN 3 palsy, increased ICPCT: biconvex, hyperdense blood; does not cross sutures; may cross falx, tentorium 

Flashcard 10: central pontine myelinolysis

Answer: often iatrogenic; caused by rapid correction of hyponatremia

Extra: massive axonal demyelination of pontine white matter tractsacute paralysis, dysarthria, dysphagia, diplopia, loss of consciousness; +/- locked-in syndromeT2 MRI: increased signal in central pons