Neoplasia US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Neoplasia with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Neoplasia Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 601: The Gleason grading system (for prostatic adenocarcinoma) is based on _____, not _____
Answer: architecture
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal/prostate/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 602: After initial spread to regional lymph nodes, melanomas commonly metastasize to the _____ and _____
Answer: brain
Extra:
* Ink blot on head and lungs on picture to the right (sketchy mislabeled)
Watch Malignant Melanoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-derm-malignant-melanoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/dermatology/videos/malignant-skin-disorders?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/skin-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 603: _____ is a testicular germ cell tumor that forms a homogenous mass with no hemorrhage or necrosis
Answer: Seminoma
Extra:
Watch Testicular Disorders & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-male-gu-testicular-disorders-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 604: Do the Langerhans cells in Langerhans cell histiocytosis effectively stimulate primary T cells via antigen presentation?
_____
Answer: No (functionally immature)
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/heme-onc/myeloproliferative-disorders/acquire?ref=anki
Other:
Flashcard 605: What is the most common class of testicular tumor (>95%)?
_____
Answer: Germ cell tumors
Extra:
Watch Testicular Disorders & Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-male-gu-testicular-disorders-and-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 606: DCC is a(n) _____ in the step of adenoma -> adenocarcinoma of the colon
Answer: tumor suppressor gene
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 607: What musculoskeletal disorder is characterized by metaplasia of skeletal muscle to bone?
_____
Answer: Myositis ossificans
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/inflammation-and-neoplasia/cellular-adaptations/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 608: Which of the following types of tumors tends to be slow growing, well circumscribed, distinct, and mobile?
_____
Answer: Benign
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pathology/videos/cellular-injury-and-neoplasia?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 609: Downregulation of _____ allows for dissociation and spread of tumor cells
Answer: E-cadherin
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 610: Medulloblastomas grow rapidly and spread via _____
Answer: CSF
Extra:
Watch Pediatric CNS Tumors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-intracranial-hypertension-and-tumors-pediatric-cns-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/pediatric-brain-tumors?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Medulloblastoma
T2-weighted cranial MRI (axial view) of a 7-year-old boy: isodense round lesion with hyperintense sections in the fourth ventricle (green overlay); grossly diminished gyration of the cerebellum (C). (P = poorly demarcated pons region; B = basilar artery, CS = external CSF space)
Medulloblastoma
T1-weighed cranial MRI of a 6-year-old child presenting with features of increased intracranial pressure (midsagittal section with contrast)
There is a large hypointense mass occupying the third (upper yellow overlay) and fourth (lower yellow overlay) ventricles that is causing obstructive hydrocephalus (pink overlay).
The pink overlay also highlights the leakage of CSF into the periventricular space (transependymal edema) and into the occipital lobe due to the increased intraventricular pressure.
This appearance of a fourth ventricular mass in a child is characteristic of medulloblastoma.
Medulloblastoma
Cranial MRI (T1-weighted, with contrast)
There is a mass in the posterior cranial fossa. It features solid parts (green overlay) and cystic parts (red overlay).
Location and appearance are typical of a medulloblastoma.
(D: diencephalon; P: pons; C: cerebellum; yellow outline: cerebellar tentorium)
Medulloblastoma
Photomicrograph of cerebellar vermis tissue (H&E stain)
Densely packed, small, blue anaplastic cells are present throughout the specimen. The cells have pleomorphic and hyperchromatic nuclei.
On the right, a vessel (its lumen mostly obstructed by eosinophilic material) can be seen.
These are typical histopathological findings of medulloblastoma.
Medulloblastoma
Photomicrograph of cerebellar vermis tissue (H&E stain)
Numerous small, blue, round cells with scant cytoplasm can be seen throughout the specimen (classic examples: arrows, green overlay). Their nuclei vary in size and structure (nuclear pleomorphism) and many cells feature distinctly hyperchromatic nuclei.
The majority of the cells are arranged in concentric clusters around lighter central areas consisting of neuropil (examples: dashed outlines and yellow overlay, magnified area). These clusters are referred to as Homer Wright rosettes.
These histopathological features, particularly the Homer Wright rosettes, are characteristic of a medulloblastoma.
Atlas:
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