Neoplasia — Flashcards

Flashcard 1301: Patients with xeroderma pigmentosum are at risk for which type(s) of skin cancer?

Answer: Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma

Extra: Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a defect in nucleotide excision repair (NER), which prevents the repair of pyrimidine dimers formed by UV radiation. This leads to a massive increase in the risk of all major UV-induced skin cancers.

Flashcard 1302: A characteristic of the transformation from normal cells to dysplastic cells is that they become _____morphic

Answer: pleo

Flashcard 1303: Which tumor suppressor gene is associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1?_____

Answer: MEN1

Flashcard 1304: What is the mechanism that results in malignancy from the RET oncogene?_____

Answer: point mutation

Flashcard 1305: Tumor cells upregulate _____ to evade anti-tumor T-cells

Answer: PD-L1

Flashcard 1306: What is the most common testicular tumor in children (< 3 years old)?_____

Answer: yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor

Flashcard 1307: Mycosis fungoides may spread to involve the blood, producing _____ syndrome (T-cell leukemia)

Answer: Sezary

Flashcard 1308: Which of the following is a lymphoid / myeloid neoplasm with widespread involvement of bone marrow?_____

Answer: Leukemia

Flashcard 1309: Are the following protective factors or risk factors for surface epithelial ovarian cancer?_____- Infertility - Nulliparity- Postmenopausal hormone therapy

Answer: Risk factors

Flashcard 1310: What microbe can increase the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma?_____

Answer: H pylori