Carrier screening for genetic disorders US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Carrier screening for genetic disorders with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Carrier screening for genetic disorders Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: In female infertility testing; saline infusion sonohysterography is the preferred method of diagnosing abnormalities of the _____
Answer: uterine cavity
Flashcard 2: Down syndrome presents with _____ free -hCG
Answer: increased
Flashcard 3: Elevated -fetoprotein (AFP) can be associated with _____ defects (ex. Omphalocele)
Answer: abdominal wall
Flashcard 4: cervical dysplasia/squamous cell carcinoma
Answer: HPV 16, 18
Extra: koilocytes (enlarged, hyperchromatic epithelial cells) on Pap smear. (normal left, abnormal right)
multiple sexual partners, smoking, early age of firts intercourse, HIV infection may progress to invasive carcinoma
Flashcard 5: Worldwide, _____ cancer is the most common gynecologic tumor.
Answer: cervical
Flashcard 6: secondary prevention (epidemiology)
Answer: early detection (e.g. Pap smear)
Flashcard 7: Ovarian surface epithelial tumors typically present _____ and therefore have _____ prognosis
Answer: late
Extra:
Watch Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-cysts-and-epithelial-ovarian-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: What is the key risk factor for Cervical Carcinoma?
_____
Answer: High-risk HPV (16, 18, 31, 33)
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/cervical-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Other:
- smoking
- starting sexual intercourse at a young age
- immunodeficiency (e.g. HIV infection)
Flashcard 9: Spontaneous, unilateral serosanguinous nipple discharge is followed up with _____ and _____
Answer: mammography → ultrasound
Extra:
* vascular connection to the tumor that is not present normally; connects papilloma to duct wall
Watch Benign Breast Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-benign-breast-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Benign Breast Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-benign-breast-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: Fibrocystic change presents as a '_____' breast that may be painful
Answer: lumpy
Extra:
* Often co-occurs with breast cysts
Watch Benign Breast Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-breast-benign-breast-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
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