Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 671: Bleeding esophageal varices is managed with IVF, octreotide, and antibiotics followed by _____

Answer: endoscopic band ligation

Flashcard 672: Gastric ulcers present with epigastric pain that _____ with meals and can therefore lead to weight loss

Answer: worsens

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 673: What is the likely diagnosis in a young adult female with symmetric, migratory, polyarticular arthritis/arthralgias with brief morning stiffness? The patient also has painless oral ulcers and splenomegaly. Laboratory examination reveals pancytopenia, RBCs and proteinuria on urinalysis.\n_____

Answer: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/rheumatology/approach-to-joint-pain/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 674: Painless genital ulcer (chancre) is seen in _____

Answer: primary syphilis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/genital-ulcers/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 675: What is the likely diagnosis in an elderly woman with three months of neck, shoulder, and hip pain, morning stiffness, as well as malaise and weight loss? ESR is elevated and creatine kinase is normal. _____

Answer: Polymyalgia rheumatica

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Flashcard 676: _____ may be used to treat acromegaly and gigantism if symptoms persist after trans-sphenoidal resection (to remove the adenoma)

Answer: Octreotide (somatostatin analog)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 677: Small fluid-containing blister < 1 cm = _____

Answer: vesicle

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/hyperpigmentation/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 678: Duodenal ulcers located in the _____ duodenum may rupture, leading to bleeding from the gastroduodenal artery

Answer: posterior

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Flashcard 679: What are the initial steps in the management of irritable bowel syndrome? (2)\n_____

Answer: Loperamide and Low FODMAP diet

Extra: Dietary modification (Low FODMAP) is first-line for all IBS subtypes. Loperamide is used for symptomatic control in diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D).

Flashcard 680: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient with extensive alcohol use who presents with severe retrosternal pain and subcutaneous emphysema after vomiting? _____

Answer: Esophageal perforation (Boerhaave syndrome)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki