Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1281: What hookworms (2) are associated with iron deficiency anemia?_____

Answer: Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus

Flashcard 1282: _____ is the primary clinical manifestation of **Bartonella henselae** in immunocompetent patients

Answer: Cat-scratch disease (Cat-scratch fever)

Flashcard 1283: _____ cholecystitis is due to gallbladder stasis, hypoperfusion, or infection (no obstruction); seen in critically ill patients

Answer: Acalculous

Flashcard 1284: Which hematologic complication arises from Trichinella spiralis infection?_____

Answer: Eosinophilia

Flashcard 1285: Duodenal ulcers are almost always due to _____ (~ 90%) and why?

Answer: H. pylori (due to antral-predominant gastritis leading to increased acid secretion)

Flashcard 1286: Cryptosporidium spp infections are often found in HIV+ patients with CD4+ cell counts < _____

Answer: 100/mm3

Flashcard 1287: Gastric carcinoma typically presents _____ (timing) with weight loss, early satiety, abdominal pain, and anemia

Answer: late

Flashcard 1288: In SIADH, serum Na+ levels must be corrected slowly to prevent _____ syndrome

Answer: osmotic demyelination

Flashcard 1289: What is the urine osmolality (mOsm/kg) in long-standing postrenal azotemia? _____

Answer: < 350 mOsm/kg (low)

Flashcard 1290: What is the first-line treatment for **mild-to-moderate** Babesiosis?

Answer: Atovaquone plus azithromycin

Extra: For **severe** babesiosis, the treatment is **Quinine plus clindamycin**. Severe disease is characterized by high parasitemia (>10%), severe anemia, or organ failure (e.g., renal failure, ARDS). Exchange transfusion may also be indicated in severe cases.