Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: The osmotic diuresis in diabetic ketoacidosis may lead to fatal arrhythmias by causing _____ depletion

Answer: total body K+

Flashcard 2: _____ is a group of disorders of the renal tubules that lead to normal anion gap (hyperchloremic) metabolic acidosis

Answer: Renal tubular acidosis

Flashcard 3: What demographic is most commonly associated with hyperosmolar hyperglycemia non-ketotic syndrome? _____

Answer: Elderly type 2 diabetics, especially with limited ability to drink

Flashcard 4: In the treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia State, aggressive _____tonic saline fluids are indicated

Answer: iso

Flashcard 5: What is the treatment of Vibrio cholerae?_____

Answer: Oral rehydration therapy (with glucose and Na+)

Flashcard 6: One of the most feared complications of type 2 diabetes is _____

Answer: hyperosmolar hyperglycemia non-ketotic syndrome

Flashcard 7: Kallmann syndrome

Answer: defective migration of GnRH cells

Extra: anosmia, lack of secondary sex characteristicsdecreased: GnRH, FSH, LH, testosterone, sperm count

Flashcard 8: hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

Answer:

Extra:  decreased: LH, testosterone 

Flashcard 9: primary hypogonadism

Answer:

Extra: increased: LH decreased: testosterone 

Flashcard 10: androgen insensitivity syndrome

Answer: defect in andogen receptor

Extra: female external genitalia, rudimentary vagina, internal testes, scant sexual hairincreased: testosterone, LH, estrogen46, XY i.e. normal male