Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 401: A chest X-ray showing a hyperlucent lung field (too black) and a visible visceral pleural line (thin white line) is characteristic of _____.

Answer: Pneumothorax

Extra: Pneumothorax is the presence of air between the parietal and visceral pleura, leading to partial or complete lung collapse. On CXR, look for the absence of bronchovascular markings peripheral to the visceral pleural line.

Flashcard 402: Diagnosis of sore throat (viral vs. strep) is based around the CENTOR criteria: C: _____ (+1) E: _____ (+1) N: _____ (+1) T: _____ (+1) OR: _____ (+1) OR _____ (-1)

Answer: absent cough

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 403: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is diagnosed with _____

Answer: echocardiography

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/heart-failure/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 404: _____ often presents with fever, cough, and foul-smelling sputum, and is frequently caused by anaerobes.

Answer: Lung abscess

Flashcard 405: - Urticaria (widespread) - Hypotension - Wheezing = _____

Answer: Anaphylaxis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/hypersensitivity/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 406: What is the preferred initial study to evaluate patients with suspected oropharyngeal dysphagia? _____

Answer: Videofluoroscopic modified barium swallow

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 407: What is needed to confirm diagnosis of high blood pressure: _____

Answer: Measurements outside of the clinical setting

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 408: What is the likely diagnosis in a young man with an anterior mediastinal mass and elevated β-hCG/AFP? _____

Answer: Non-seminomatous germ cell tumor

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 409: What imaging modality is preferred for diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma? _____

Answer: CT scan of the abdomen

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/abdominal-pain/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 410: What is the most accurate test in the diagnosis of PCP pneumonia? _____

Answer: Bronchoalveolar lavage (with silver stain)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki