Metabolism — Flashcards

What are the disacharide breakdown of: -Sucrose -Lactose -Maltose

A healthy 34 y/o worker is trapped underground following partial collapse of an access shaft. -He's trapped and take 2 days to reach him. -The patient tells the rescuers: He feels weak and dizzy. -He has not eaten for over 30 hours. -Fingerstick blood glucose concentration is 78mg/ dL. -Which biochemical reactions is most likely responsible for maintaining this patient's current blood glucose levels?

35 y/o woman comes with nausea, vomiting, and fever. -Her symptoms began 24 hours ago, she's been unable to eat or drink anything since. -Labs: glucose level: 82 mg/dL despite her 24 hour fast. -maintenace of this patient's blood glucose levels is facilitated by hepatic conversion of pyruvate into glucose. -Which of the following substances directly stimulates the 1st enzyme involved in this process?

A 54 y/o man comes with anemia. -Evaluation: Cause of anemia is EPO deficiency. -In this patient, mature erthrocytes are found that are unable to synthesize heme even though they contain detectable levels of cytoplasmic enzymes involved in heme synthesis. -Lack of which cellular organelles best explains this phenomenon?

Molecular biologists studying signal transduction apply an agent to human cells that activates G-Protein-dependent phospholipase C. -Which intracellular substances is most likely to incrase immediately after exposure to this agent?

In what pathway the followings are associated with in relation to growth factors that causes cancer? -Ca2+ efflux from endoplasmic reticulum -cAMP accumulation -Dimerization of STAT proteins -Rapid decrease in cGMP levels -Translocation to the nucleus and gene transcription (MAP-kinase pathway, mTOR pathway, Inositol phospholipid pathway, cAMP pathway, JAK/STAT pathway)

What are the following enzymes are associated with? -Acetyl CoA carboxylase -Acyl CoA synthetase -ATP citrate lyase -Glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase -Glycerol kinase

22 y/o comes with 5 day history of Nausea, constipation, and severe, poorly localized abdominal pain. -She also reports anxiety, poor sleep quality and tingling of limbs. -She doesn't take any drugs,no smoking, medication or use alcohol. -Patient receives intravenous infusion of heme preparation that leads to rapid resolution of her symptoms. -The improvement in symptoms is most likely due to treatment-induced downregulation of what enzymes?

What are the followings enzymes in relation to cathecolamine? -Cathecol-O-methyltransferase -Monoamine oxidase -Phenylethanolamine-N-Methyltransferase

78 y/o woman comes with tenderness and easy bleeding of the gums when brushes her teeth. -Physical exam: swollen gingiva that bleed on probing. -Skin finding are shown below: Her symptoms are most likely caused  by hypoactivity of an enzyme found in which cellular compartment?