Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 581: What hypothalamic structure receives hippocampal input via the fornix and is characteristically damaged in thiamine deficiency (Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome)?

Answer: Mammillary body

Flashcard 582: What type of cell (permanent, labile, stable) are neurons? _____

Answer: Permanent (do not divide in adulthood)

Flashcard 583: Bilateral loss of motor function, pain, and temperature sensation below a lesion level with spared dorsal column function is characteristic of occlusion of which artery?

Answer: Anterior spinal artery

Extra: This clinical presentation describes **Anterior Spinal Artery Syndrome**. The anterior spinal artery supplies the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord (including the corticospinal and spinothalamic tracts), while the posterior spinal arteries supply the dorsal columns (sparing proprioception and vibration).

Flashcard 584: Which dopaminergic pathway connects the substantia nigra pars compacta to the neostriatum? _____

Answer: Nigrostriatal pathway

Flashcard 585: Which cranial nerve is affected in herpes zoster ophthalmicus?

Answer: Trigeminal nerve (CN V), specifically the ophthalmic (V1) branch

Flashcard 586: Syrinx expansion in syringomyelia may lead to damage to the _____ motoneurons of the anterior horn

Answer: lower

Flashcard 587: Which thalamic nucleus receives input from the spinothalamic tract and dorsal columns? _____

Answer: Ventral posterolateral (VPL)

Flashcard 588: The medial longitudinal fasciculus is _____ myelinated (heavily or lightly)

Answer: heavily

Flashcard 589: Structures of the _____ system include the hippocampus, amygdala, fornix, mammillary bodies, and cingulate gyrus

Answer: limbic

Flashcard 590: The motor/sensory areas corresponding to the lower limbs are located in the _____ aspects (medial or lateral) of the pre-/post-central gyri

Answer: medial