Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 431: Identify the cranial nerve that provides motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus muscle and taste to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue.

Answer: CN IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve)

Flashcard 432: Parinaud syndrome often results from a tumor of the _____ gland

Answer: pineal

Flashcard 433: Lesions of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus tract in the thalamus and cerebral cortex present on the _____-lateral side below the lesion

Answer: contra

Flashcard 434: Secondary vestibular fibers, arising from the vestibular nuclei, join the _____ and supply the motor nuclei of CN III, IV, and VI (vestibulo-ocular reflex)

Answer: medial longitudinal fasciculus

Flashcard 435: Which sulcus separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

Answer: Central sulcus (Sulcus of Rolando)

Extra: The central sulcus separates the **frontal lobe** (precentral gyrus/motor cortex) from the **parietal lobe** (postcentral gyrus/sensory cortex).

Flashcard 436: The only axons that leave the cerebellar cortex are those of _____ cells

Answer: Purkinje

Flashcard 437: LMN lesions cause _____-lateral flaccid paralysis at the level of the lesion

Answer: ipsi

Flashcard 438: What does Brodmann area 3, 1, 2 refer to? _____

Answer: Primary somatosensory cortex

Flashcard 439: Name the white matter tract located between the apex of the dorsal horn and the surface of the spinal cord that carries primary afferent fibers for pain and temperature.

Answer: Lissauer's tract (posterolateral tract)

Extra: Fibers in Lissauer's tract (primarily A-delta and C fibers) typically ascend or descend one or two spinal segments before synapsing in the substantia gelatinosa (Lamina II) of the dorsal horn.

Flashcard 440: Which brainstem pathway carries conscious proprioception, fine touch, and vibration from the contralateral side of the body to the thalamus?

Answer: Medial lemniscus

Extra: The medial lemniscus is formed by the decussation of second-order neurons (internal arcuate fibers) originating from the nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus in the medulla. It ascends through the brainstem to synapse in the Ventral Posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.