Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 411: The _____ of the cerebellum controls the truncal and proximal musculature of limbs

Answer: vermis

Flashcard 412: What dermatome is found at the posterior half of the skull? _____

Answer: C2

Flashcard 413: Which brainstem tract coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the nuclei of CN VI and the contralateral CN III?

Answer: Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

Extra: The MLF coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the abducens nucleus (CN VI) to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus (CN III). Damage to the MLF results in Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO), which is highly characteristic of Multiple Sclerosis.

Flashcard 414: The dorsal spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts enter the cerebellum via the _____

Answer: inferior cerebellar peduncle

Flashcard 415: Lesions to the frontal eye fields result in eyes that look _____ the side of the lesion

Answer: towards

Flashcard 416: Which nucleus receives pain and temperature sensation from the face and extends from the pons into the upper cervical spinal cord?

Answer: Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Extra: The spinal trigeminal nucleus receives pain and temperature information from the face (CN V) as well as CN VII, IX, and X. It extends from the pons through the medulla to the upper cervical spinal cord.

Flashcard 417: Which cranial nerve provides sensory innervation to the face and motor innervation to the muscles of mastication?

Answer: CN V (Trigeminal nerve)

Flashcard 418: Both dorsal columns (fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus) are present at and above which spinal level?

Answer: T6

Extra: The fasciculus gracilis is present at all spinal levels (carrying sensation from the lower limbs), while the fasciculus cuneatus begins only at the T6 level (carrying sensation from the upper limbs). Therefore, both dorsal columns are present only at and above the level of T6.

Flashcard 419: The 2nd-order neurons of trigeminal nerve nuclei synapse in the _____ nucleus of the thalamus

Answer: ventral posteromedial (VPM)

Flashcard 420: The rootlets of CN _____ exit between the olive and medullary pyramid

Answer: XII