Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 351: Alpha-MSH and beta-MSH are produced in the _____ lobe of the pituitary gland, which is rudimentary in adult humans

Answer: intermediate

Flashcard 352: The _____ is the caudal end of the spinal cord; ends at L2 vertebra in adults

Answer: conus medullaris

Flashcard 353: What is the destination of the ventral anterior (VA) / ventral lateral (VL) nuclei of the thalamus? _____

Answer: Premotor and primary motor cortex

Flashcard 354: Which brainstem tract coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the nuclei of CN III, IV, and VI?

Answer: Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

Extra: The MLF coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the abducens nucleus (CN VI) in the pons to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus (CN III) in the midbrain. A lesion in this tract results in internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), often seen in multiple sclerosis.

Flashcard 355: Identify the brainstem level characterized by the following features: - Presence of the 4th ventricle - Ventral enlargement (basilar pons) - Presence of CN VI and VII nuclei/fibers

Answer: Caudal pons

Flashcard 356: Conduction aphasia is caused by damage to the _____, which is a large fiber bundle that connects Broca's area with Wernicke's area

Answer: arcuate fasciculus

Flashcard 357: Pilocytic astrocytomas are most often found in the posterior fossa, such as the _____; may be supratentorial

Answer: cerebellum

Flashcard 358: What is the target of Purkinje cells (cerebellar cortex)?_____

Answer: Deep cerebellar nuclei

Flashcard 359: What visual deficit results from a lesion of Meyer's loop (e.g. temporal lesion, MCA occlusion)? _____

Answer: Contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopia ("pie in the sky")

Flashcard 360: Which cortical area corresponds to **Brodmann area 17**?

Answer: Primary visual cortex (V1)

Extra: Brodmann area 17 is located in the occipital lobe, specifically in the walls and floor of the calcarine sulcus.