Head & Neck — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: Zenker diverticulum occurs due to posterior herniation through Killian's triangle, located immediately superior to the _____ muscle

Answer: cricopharyngeal

Extra: Zenker diverticulum is a pulsion (false) diverticulum occurring at the junction of the thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles (Killian's triangle). https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 92: What nerve is at significant risk for injury during parotid gland dissection? _____

Answer: Facial nerve

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 93: A subgaleal hemorrhage is located between what two layers? _____

Answer: Periosteum Epicranial aponeurosis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 94: _____ is a congenital narrowing or blockage of the connection between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx

Answer: Choanal atresia

Extra: Choanal atresia results from the failure of the bucco-nasal membrane to rupture. It is a common cause of neonatal respiratory distress that improves with crying (as the infant becomes a mouth-breather).

Flashcard 95: Osteomas most commonly arise on the surface of _____ bones

Answer: facial

Flashcard 96: The atlantoaxial joint is stabilized by the _____ ligament, apical ligament, and alar ligaments

Answer: transverse

Flashcard 97: Name the eye chamber located between the posterior surface of the iris and the lens.

Answer: Posterior chamber

Extra: The eye's anterior segment is divided into two parts by the iris: 1. **Anterior chamber**: Between the cornea and the iris. 2. **Posterior chamber**: Between the iris and the lens. Both chambers contain aqueous humor. Do not confuse the posterior chamber with the **vitreous chamber** (posterior segment), which is located behind the lens and contains vitreous humor.

Flashcard 98: Light reflex: The ciliary ganglia send post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons to the pupillary constrictor muscle via _____ nerves

Answer: short ciliary

Flashcard 99: Osteopetrosis may present with vision and hearing impairment due to _____ impingement

Answer: cranial nerve

Flashcard 100: Name the largest chamber of the eye, located posterior to the lens and containing a gel-like substance:

Answer: Vitreous chamber