Orthopaedics & MSK — Flashcards

Flashcard 461: What is the second-line management for onychomycosis (if first-line is unsuccessful or more extensive disease)? _____

Answer: Oral antifungal treatment (oral terbinafine)

Flashcard 462: For patients with tinea capitis a _____ should be co-prescribed for first 2 weeks to ↓ transmission

Answer: topical antifungal (ketaconzaole) shampoo

Extra: Note: Tinea capitis always requires systemic antifungal therapy (e.g., Griseofulvin, Terbinafine). Topical antifungal shampoos (Ketoconazole or Selenium sulfide) are used as an adjunct to decrease fungal shedding and prevent transmission to others during the initial phase of treatment.

Flashcard 463: Hyper/hypopigmented patches of pityriasis versicolor are most commonly located on the _____, back, & upper arms because of ↑ sebum production

Answer: chest

Flashcard 464: Onychomycosis presents with abnormal nails that are _____ and have white/yellow discolouration

Answer: thickened

Flashcard 465: _____ presents as annular, erythematous, scaly plaques with central clearing.

Answer: Tinea corporis

Extra: Diagnosis: Tinea corporis (Dermatophytosis). Treatment: Topical antifungals (e.g., Clotrimazole, Terbinafine). Oral antifungals for extensive cases.

Flashcard 466: _____ is a fungal skin infection affecting the stratum corneum caused by yeasts of the Malassezia genus

Answer: Pityriasis versicolor

Flashcard 467: What is the investigation for allergic contact dermatitis? _____

Answer: Patch test

Flashcard 468: Risk factors for tinea corporis/cruris are warm, humid environments, sweating, & _____-fitting clothing

Answer: tight

Flashcard 469: _____ are responsible for rashes known as tinea (ringworm)

Answer: Dermatophytes

Flashcard 470: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that noticed hypopigmented skin lesions on her trunk after returning from a summer vacation in a warm climate?\n_____ (due to Malassezia infection)

Answer: Pityriasis versicolor