General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 781: Extended _____ is a risk factor for cataracts

Answer: corticosteroids use

Flashcard 782: Patients with cataracts may describe seeing _____ around lights

Answer: haloes

Flashcard 783: Definitive management of acute angle closure glaucoma: _____

Answer: Laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI)

Flashcard 784: Cataracts can result from trauma e.g. _____/intraocular operation

Answer: bruise injury

Flashcard 785: The main presentation of cataracts is the _____

Answer: gradual & painless decline in vision

Flashcard 786: The gold-standard investigation for diagnosing acute angle closure glaucoma is _____ (showing a closed iridocorneal angle).

Answer: gonioscopy

Flashcard 787: What is the management of acute angle closure glaucoma IF emergency opthalmic admission is NOT possible: - _____ - Pilocarpine drops (1 drop of 2% for blue eyes, 4% in brown eyes) - 500mg PO acetazolamide - Analgesia - Anti-emetic if required

Answer: Lie flat, face up, no pillows

Flashcard 788: What are the primary indications/considerations for cataract surgery?

Answer: The decision is primarily patient-centered, focusing on visual impairment and lifestyle impact. (NICE guidelines)

Extra: Indications for cataract surgery include: 1. Patient's quality of life (QOL) is affected by visual impairment. 2. Patient desires surgery after being informed of risks and benefits. 3. Clinical reasons (e.g., lens-induced glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy management). Cataract surgery is not mandatory just because a cataract is present; functional impairment is the key driver.

Flashcard 789: _____ are a progressive clouding of the ocular lens

Answer: Cataracts

Flashcard 790: Acute angle closure glaucoma presents with _____ visual acuity.

Answer: decreased