General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 371: An inguinal hernia that occurs _____ to the inferior epigastric vessels is a Direct inguinal hernia.

Answer: medial

Extra: Direct inguinal hernias protrude through Hesselbach's triangle, bounded by: 1. Lateral border of Rectus abdominis (Medial) 2. Inferior epigastric vessels (Lateral) 3. Inguinal ligament (Inferior)

Flashcard 372: Anal fissures are described as tears in the anal mucosa _____ the dentate line

Answer: below

Flashcard 373: What is the initial investigation for anal fissures? _____

Answer: Inspection; do NOT do a DRE unless history indicates

Flashcard 374: Ventral hernias typically consist of _____, epigastric & Spigelian hernias

Answer: umbilical

Flashcard 375: Acute anal fissures = < _____ Chronic anal fissures = ≥ 6 weeks

Answer: 6 weeks

Flashcard 376: Do patients with Meniere's disease have to notify the DVLA? _____

Answer: Yes

Flashcard 377: Why is mammography less sensitive in women under 30 years old? _____

Answer: due to increased breast tissue density in younger women

Flashcard 378: What is next step for investigating a suspected breast cyst < 30 years in primary care? _____

Answer: Consider non-urgent referral

Flashcard 379: Breast cysts present with single/multiple lumps that are _____ & well-circumscribed

Answer: mobile

Flashcard 380: What is next step for investigating a suspected breast cyst > 30 years in primary care? _____

Answer: Suspected cancer pathway (2ww) for breast cancer