General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 201: What does a headache triggered by coughing warrant?

Answer: A prompt investigation (neuroimaging) for a secondary cause.

Extra: Cough-induced headaches are a 'red flag' that may indicate secondary causes such as a Chiari type I malformation or other posterior fossa lesions. While 'primary cough headache' exists, neuroimaging (usually MRI) is mandatory to rule out structural pathology.

Flashcard 202: What is the most appropriate course of action for patients with suspected orbital cellulitis?

Answer: • Admission to hospital for IV Abx

Flashcard 203: What is first-line treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis?

Answer: Intranasal corticosteroids + Nasal saline irrigation

Flashcard 204: What risk is associated with rapid-rewarming in hypothermia?

Answer: • Distributive Shock [can lead to peripheral vasodilation + shock]

Flashcard 205: When should you advise a patient to stop taking warfarin before surgery?

Answer: 5 days (Confirm INR is <1.5 before proceeding with surgery)

Flashcard 206: What is the managment for Molluscum Contagiosum?

Answer: • Reassurance - self-limiting

Flashcard 207: What is Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Answer: • Painful Inflammatory nodules, pustules, sinus tracts and scars in intertriginous regions. •

Flashcard 208: What drugs can cause erythema multiforme? 7

Answer: • Penicillin • Sulphonamides • Carbamazepine • Allopurinol • NSAIDs • Oral Contraceptive Pill • Nevirapine

Flashcard 209: What is the first-line management for Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis?

Answer: • Ketoconazole 2% Shampoo

Flashcard 210: What are other causes of erythema multiforme? 5

Answer: • Idiopathic • Bacteria (Mycoplasma, Streptococcus) • Connective Tissue Disease (SLE) • Sarcoidosis • Malignancy