Rheumatology & Haematology — Flashcards

Flashcard 801: The three major risk factors for thrombosis are _____, hypercoagulability, and endothelial cell damage (Virchow triad)

Answer: disruption in blood flow (stasis)

Flashcard 802: The most common location of a DVT are the _____

Answer: lower extremities

Flashcard 803: An unprovoked DVT involves anticoagulation for _____ or longer.

Answer: 3 to 6 months

Extra: For a first unprovoked proximal DVT or PE, anticoagulation is recommended for at least 3-6 months. After this initial period, indefinite (long-term) anticoagulation should be considered if the bleeding risk is low, as the risk of recurrence is high.

Flashcard 804: It may be important to explore the underlying diagnosis of _____ if a patient has a DVT

Answer: cancer

Flashcard 805: What is a common second-line or alternative anticoagulation for DVT (e.g., in pregnancy or malignancy)? _____

Answer: Low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH)

Flashcard 806: A _____ occurs when a thrombus forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs, which obstructs blood flow and can lead to serious complications e.g. pulmonary embolism

Answer: deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Flashcard 807: DVT commonly presents with _____ pain & oedema

Answer: unilateral

Flashcard 808: What is the first-line anticoagulation for DVT? _____

Answer: DOACs - apixaban or rivaroxaban

Flashcard 809: What is the preferred anticoagulation for DVT if renal impairment is severe (CrCl <15-30 ml/min)?\n_____ (UFH)

Answer: Unfractionated heparin

Flashcard 810: Can anticoagulation therapy be witheld soley due to risk of falls and old age? _____

Answer: No