Rheumatology & Haematology — Flashcards

Flashcard 541: Spot diagnosis: Symmetrical arthritis of small joints with _____, swan-neck, and boutonnière deformities = Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer: ulnar deviation

Extra: Classic hand deformities in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) include: - Ulnar deviation of the MCP joints. - Swan-neck deformity: Hyperextension of PIP and flexion of DIP. - Boutonnière deformity: Flexion of PIP and hyperextension of DIP.

Flashcard 542: Inflammatory markers are _____ and creatinine kinase is normal in fibromyalgia

Answer: normal

Flashcard 543: Folate deficiency presents with anaemic symptoms; _____, pallor, & dyspnoea

Answer: fatigue

Flashcard 544: _____ arthritis presents with joint pain, swelling, stiffness over weeks to months ± - constitutional symptoms - extra-articular symptoms

Answer: Rheumatoid

Flashcard 545: What is the 1st line lifestyle/conservative management of osteoarthritis? _____

Answer: Weight loss & individualised therapeutic exercise

Flashcard 546: Osteoarthritis most commonly affects the _____, hips, & hands (which joints?)

Answer: knees

Flashcard 547: Osteoarthritis is a clinical diagnosis in patients ≥ _____ years with activity-related joint pain AND no morning stiffness > 30 minutes

Answer: 45

Flashcard 548: What is the likely diagnosis in an elderly patient that presents with a 6-month history of unilateral knee pain? The pain is worse in the evening and with activity _____

Answer: Osteoarthritis

Flashcard 549: Systemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis may present with: - _____ - Keratoconjunctivitis sicca - Rheumatoid nodules - Osteoporosis & cervical spine subluxation - Pulmonary fibrosis - Pericarditis & vasculitis

Answer: Anaemia of chronic disease

Flashcard 550: Rheumatoid arthritis involves a type _____ and type 4 hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer: 3

Extra: While primarily considered a Type III hypersensitivity reaction due to the formation of immune complexes (like Rheumatoid Factor-IgG complexes in the synovium), Type IV hypersensitivity (T-cell mediated) also plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis.