Rheumatology & Haematology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Rheumatology & Haematology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Rheumatology & Haematology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 311: Before induction chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukaemia patients will be hydrated and given _____ as prophylaxis for tumour lysis syndrome
Answer: allopurinol
Flashcard 312: FBC for acute myeloid leukaemia:
_____ thrombocytes
↓ Hb
↓/normal/↑ WBC (see below for caveat)
Answer: ↓
Extra: Caveat for WBC: While the total WBC count can be high (leukocytosis) due to circulating blasts, patients will actually have functional neutropenia.
Flashcard 313: What is the likely diagnosis in an elderly patient with recurrent infections, ecchymoses, and a dermatological rash. Blood smear shows Auer rods.
_____
Answer: Acute myeloid leukaemia
Flashcard 314: Acute myeloid leukaemia is a malignant proliferation of _____ cells
Answer: myeloid progenitor
Flashcard 315: What is the general management for acute myeloid leukaemia?
_____
Answer: - Induction chemotherapy
- Consolidation chemotherapy
Extra: In AML, the primary phases are Induction and Consolidation. Maintenance therapy is standard in ALL but is not typically used in AML (with the exception of APL/M3 and specific targeted therapies like FLT3 inhibitors in some protocols).
Flashcard 316: Blood smear in acute myeloid leukaemia (esp APL) is associated with _____
Answer: Auer rods
Flashcard 317: Acute myeloid leukaemia is classified using the _____ classification system to predict prognosis and guide management decisions.
Answer: WHO (2022)
Extra: The WHO (2022) classification and the International Consensus Classification (ICC) are the current standards. Most AML subtypes still require ≥20% blasts in the blood or bone marrow, though some genetic-defined AMLs (like APL) can be diagnosed with lower blast counts.
Flashcard 318: What is the most common childhood malignancy?
_____
Answer: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Flashcard 319: Acute leukaemia is of increased risk in patients with prior _____
Answer: chemotherapy / ionising radiation
Flashcard 320: Acute myeloid leukamia most often occurs in _____
Answer: older adults
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