Respiratory Medicine — Flashcards

Flashcard 471: What is the likely diagnosis in a child with fever, drooling, & stridor sitting in a tripod position? _____

Answer: Acute epiglottitis

Flashcard 472: PEF _____% indicates life-threatening asthma

Answer: <33

Flashcard 473: What is the management of epiglottitis after endotracheal intubation has taken place? (2) _____

Answer: Oxygen + IV antibiotics (ceftriaxone & vancomycin)

Flashcard 474: What is the first-line management of suspected acute epiglottitis? _____

Answer: - Immediate senior escalation - Endotracheal intubation to secure the airway

Flashcard 475: Management of severe/life-threatening asthma in children requires _____ and treatment with Oxygen, SABA, Ipratropium, and Steroids.

Answer: immediate hospital admission

Extra: Severe/Life-threatening asthma features in children: SpO2 <92%, PEFR <33-50% predicted, silent chest, cyanosis, exhaustion, or hypotension. Management requires immediate hospitalization. SABA is given via nebulizer or spacer. Continuous monitoring is essential.

Flashcard 476: "_____" sign on x-ray = epiglottitis "Steeple" sign on x-ray = croup

Answer: Thumb print

Flashcard 477: Acute epiglottitis is caused by _____

Answer: Haemophilus influenzae

Flashcard 478: SpO2 < _____% indicates severe/life-threatening asthma attack in children

Answer: 92

Flashcard 479: How is epiglottitis diagnosed if suspected? _____

Answer: Made through direct visualisation performed ONLY by senior staff trained in airway management

Flashcard 480: What is the management of mild to moderate acute asthma in children? (2...)\n_____

Answer: \nBronchodilator therapy \nBeta-2 agonist via a spacer → 1 puff every 30-60 seconds → max. 10 puffs\nIf symptoms not controlled, repeat & refer to hospital\nSteroid therapy \nGiven to all children with an asthma exacerbation\n3 days oral prednisolone (but can be given longer if necessary)\n<2yrs = 10 mg OD\n2-5yrs = 20mg OD\n>5yrs = 30-40mg OD