Respiratory Medicine — Flashcards

Flashcard 171: Dyspnoea in palliative patients with a wheeze caused by a tumour obstructing the airway may be relieved by _____

Answer: corticosteroids (e.g., dexamethasone)

Flashcard 172: Investigations to consider for dyspnoea in palliative patients are _____, pulse oximetry, spirometry, ECG, bloods

Answer: CXR

Flashcard 173: The sensation of dyspnea may be relieved in palliative patients by prescribing _____

Answer: oramorph

Flashcard 174: What is the pharmacological management of dyspnoea in palliative patients? _____, benzodiazepines (associated anxiety), bronchodilators

Answer: 2.5mg Oramorph QDS

Flashcard 175: What is the pharmacological management of secretions in palliative patients? _____

Answer: Antimuscarinics (e.g.1st-line Hyoscine butylbromide (buscopan®))

Flashcard 176: Dyspnoea may be alleviated in palliative patients with COPD by _____

Answer: increasing airflow across the face/body

Flashcard 177: Tuberculosis CXR findings consist of _____ & unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy

Answer: upper lobe cavitation

Extra: Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy is the classic finding for Sarcoidosis. Primary TB typically presents with unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and a subpleural node (Ghon complex).

Flashcard 178: What are the initial investigations for tuberculosis? _____, x3 sputum smears

Answer: CXR

Flashcard 179: Tuberculosis risk factor includes _____ in areas with high TB prevalence (e.g. South-East Asia, Africa, Western Pacific)

Answer: living

Flashcard 180: Patients who are _____ are at risk of tuberculosis

Answer: immunocompromised