Renal & Urology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Renal & Urology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Renal & Urology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 51: What size stones is Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy indicated for?
Answer:
• Greater than >20mm
Flashcard 52: Typical presentation of post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis?
Answer: Haematuria, proteinuria/oedema, hypertension, oliguria
Flashcard 53: What is Epididymo-orchitis in individuals with a low STI risk, likely due to?
Answer:
• E-Coli (enteric organisms)
Flashcard 54: Why
does chronic kidney disease often lead to anaemia?
Answer: Due
to reduced production of erythropoietin
Flashcard 55: What is the screening test for Polycystic Kidney Disease?
Answer:
• Ultrasound
Flashcard 56: What is the managment of acute renal colic?
Answer:
• IM Diclofenac (75mg)
*IV Paracetamol if NSAID is contraindicated or not providing sufficient pain relief
Flashcard 57: What is a cause of scrotal swelling which can be palpated as separate from the body of the testicle, also smooth and regular in character?
Answer:
• Epididymal Cyst
Flashcard 58: How long is the course of Nitrofurantoin for uncomplicated UTI (cystitis) management?
Answer: 5 days (standard for uncomplicated cystitis)
Extra: Nitrofurantoin macrocrystals are typically given for 5 days for uncomplicated cystitis in women. A 3-day course is common for Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) or Fluoroquinolones, but not for Nitrofurantoin.
Flashcard 59: Should you perform a Urine culture or a Urine dipstick to diagnose a suspected UTI in women aged >65?
Answer: Urine culture (avoid dipstick)::In women >65, asymptomatic bacteriuria is common, making dipstick unreliable.
Extra: In older adults (women >65 and men >65), urine dipsticks have a high false-positive rate for confirming a symptomatic UTI due to the high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Clinical guidelines (such as NICE or SIGN) recommend urine culture over dipstick if a UTI is suspected and testing is required. However, it is also important to note that asymptomatic bacteriuria should NOT be treated unless the patient is pregnant or undergoing urological procedures.
Flashcard 60: What medication can cause Acute interstitial nephritis?
Answer:
• Penicillin
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