Renal & Urology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Renal & Urology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Renal & Urology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 41: When are ACE inhibitors and ARBs contraindicated?
Answer: 1. Pregnancy (Teratogenic)
2. Bilateral Renal Artery Stenosis (or stenosis in a solitary kidney)
3. History of angioedema (specifically for ACEi)
4. Hyperkalemia
Extra: ACE inhibitors and ARBs dilate the efferent arteriole. In bilateral renal artery stenosis, GFR is dependent on AT-II mediated efferent vasoconstriction; blocking this can cause a precipitous drop in GFR and acute kidney injury.
Flashcard 42: What is the management in suspected epidiymo-orchitis if unknown organism?
Answer:
• Ceftriaxone 500mg IM single dose
• Oral Doxycycline 100mg BD 10-14 days
Flashcard 43: What is the imaging of choice for renal colic?
Answer:
• Non-contrast CT-KUB
Flashcard 44:
• After renal transplant what cancer is most likely to develop?
Answer:
• Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
Secondary to immunosupression
Flashcard 45: What is the timeframe difference in when IgA nephropathy and Post streptococcus glomerulonephritis present after URTI?
Answer:
• IgA nephropathy = 1-2 days
• PSGN = 1-2 weeks
Flashcard 46: What must be performed after Vasectomy for it to be confirmed to be used as contraception?
Answer:
• Semen analysis + azoospermia confirmed
Flashcard 47: What is the most likely organism to cause Peritonitis secondary to Peritoneal dialysis?
Answer: Staphylococcus epidermidis (Coagulase-negative Staphylococci)
Extra: Gram-positive organisms are the most common cause of PD-associated peritonitis. \n1. Staphylococcus epidermidis (Most common due to skin contamination)\n2. Staphylococcus aureus (Often more severe)\n3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Common Gram-negative cause)
Flashcard 48: What is TURP syndrome?
Answer: Life-threatening complication of TURP caused by systemic absorption of glycine/irrigation fluid, leading to dilutional hyponatremia.
Flashcard 49: Typical presentation of post-streptococcal
glomerulonephritis?
Answer: Haematuria, proteinuria/oedema, hypertension, oliguria
Flashcard 50: What is the treatment choice for HIV-associated nephropathy?
Answer: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) + ACE inhibitors/ARBs
Extra: HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) typically presents as a collapsing form of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).
Management includes:
1. HAART/ART (Primary treatment; slows progression of renal failure)
2. ACE inhibitors or ARBs (To reduce proteinuria and provide renoprotection)
3. Corticosteroids (Occasionally used for inflammation)
4. Renal replacement therapy (if ESRD develops)
Keywords: Renal & Urology flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
