Renal & Urology — Flashcards

What antibiotics are used in lower UTIs? 1st-line: _____ or trimethoprim If pregnant: Amoxicillin or Cefalexin

Risk factors for urinary tract calculi: - _____ solute concentration in the urinary filtrate - Low ↓ urine volume

Hint: ↓/↑

Name the common urinary tract calculi: ~75% _____ ~10% Uric acid stones ~5-10% Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) stones <5% Calcium phosphate, Cystine stones

What type of kidney stone is seen in patients with gout? _____

Urinary tract calculi = _____ Urinary tract calculi and pregnancy = Ultrasound

Hint: imaging

Proteus mirabilis is a gram -ve bacteria that classically forms large _____, which form from struvite stones, in the renal pelvis

_____ stones are a rare form of nephrolithiasis, most commonly seen in children

Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) kidney stones are caused by _____ +ve organisms

What is the advice for nitrofurantion use in pregnancy (UTI)? _____

Urinary tract calucli can lead to severe complications including _____ and pyelonephritis