Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 861: _____ presents with feeding intolerance, abdominal distention, vomiting + bloody diarrhoea

Answer: Necrotising enterocolitis

Flashcard 862: Necrotising enterocolitis tends to occur _____ after birth

Answer: 3-10 days

Flashcard 863: On physical examination of biliary atresia, _____ can be palpated.

Answer: hepatosplenomegaly

Extra: Other clinical features of Biliary Atresia: - Persistent jaundice (conjugated hyperbilirubinemia) beyond 2 weeks of age. - Acholic (clay-colored) stools. - Dark urine. - Failure to thrive.

Flashcard 864: If surgery for biliary atresia is unsuccessful, a _____ may be needed in the first 2-5 years

Answer: liver transplant

Flashcard 865: What is the cause of biliary atresia? _____

Answer: Idiopathic → it is theorised it involves an immune response triggered by infections or other factors

Flashcard 866: What is the treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis? _____ ± Surgery

Answer: Bowel rest + parenteral nutrition + broad-spectrum IV antibiotics

Flashcard 867: Neonates with _____ tend to present with jaundice, dark urine, & pale stools

Answer: biliary atresia

Flashcard 868: What is the first-line investigation for necrotising enterocolitis? _____

Answer: Abdominal X-ray

Flashcard 869: What is seen on x-ray for necrotising enterocolitis? _____

Answer: Pneumatosis intestinalis + dilated loops

Flashcard 870: Patients with biliary atresia have high ↑ _____ bilirubin

Answer: conjugated