Gastroenterology & Hepatology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gastroenterology & Hepatology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gastroenterology & Hepatology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 611: What is the initial management of bowel obstruction (small & large)?
1. _____
2. NG tube for decompression
3. IV fluids
Answer: Nil by mouth
Extra: Initial management for both small and large bowel obstruction (drip and suck):
1. NPO (Nil per os) to rest the bowel.
2. Nasogastric (NG) tube decompression to relieve proximal pressure.
3. Aggressive IV fluid resuscitation and electrolyte correction.
Note: While the general initial steps are similar, the definitive management (and urgency of surgery) often differs significantly between SBO (often adhesional, trial of conservative) and LBO (often neoplastic, more likely surgical).
Flashcard 612: The only curative mainstay of management for pancreatic cancer is _____.
Answer: Surgical resection (e.g. Whipple procedure)
Extra: Pancreatic cancer often presents late. While surgery is the curative mainstay, ~80% of patients are unresectable at diagnosis and receive palliative care (analgesia, biliary stenting, etc.).
Flashcard 613: Small bowel obstruction is managed with IV fluid resuscitation for _____
Answer: hydration
Flashcard 614: Management for hiatus hernia?
Advice = _____
Medical = PPI if symptomatic
Answer: Weight loss
Flashcard 615: What is the management of a perianal abscess?
_____
Answer: Incision & drainage
Flashcard 616: What is the primary management of haemorrhoids?
_____
Answer: Soften stools → ↑ dietary fibre + ↑ fluid intake
Simple analgesia/topical anaesthetics
Lifestyle advice = minimise straining + good hygiene
Flashcard 617: Which inflammatory bowel disease is associated with a "lead pipe" appearance of the colon on AXR following barium enema?
_____
Answer: Ulcerative colitis → loss of haustra
Flashcard 618: Small bowel obstruction presents with _____ in complete obstruction
Answer: absolute constipation
Flashcard 619: What is the management of perianal fistulae?
First-line: _____
Second-line: Surgical - fistulotomy, seton placement
Answer: Metronidazole
Flashcard 620: What abdominal x-ray findings are associated with small bowel obstruction?
_____
Answer: Dilated loops of small bowel with air-fluid levels
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